Effects of Volume-Matched Weekday-Distributed Versus Weekend-Concentrated Basketball Training on Executive Function in Adolescents: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 120
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change From Baseline in Flanker Reaction-Time Interference Effect
研究概览
简要总结
his study examined whether different ways of distributing the same weekly amount of basketball training affect executive function in adolescents. A total of 120 adolescents were randomly assigned to one of three groups: weekday-distributed basketball training, weekend-concentrated basketball training, or a control group that continued its usual activities.
Participants in both basketball training groups completed 180 minutes of training per week for 8 weeks. The weekday-distributed group trained for 36 minutes per session, five days per week, whereas the weekend-concentrated group trained for 90 minutes per session, two days per week. Executive function was assessed before and after the intervention.
The study aimed to determine whether basketball training improves executive function compared with usual activities and whether distributing the same weekly training volume across weekdays produces different effects from concentrating the training on weekends.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 13 Years 至 16 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Aged 13 to 16 years at enrollment.
- •Enrolled in the participating local middle school.
- •Medically eligible to participate in moderate-to-vigorous physical exercise.
- •No systematic basketball or other sport-specific training during the 3 months before enrollment.
- •Normal or corrected-to-normal vision and able to complete the computerized cognitive tasks.
- •Available to participate in the 8-week intervention and complete all scheduled assessments.
- •Written informed consent provided by a parent or legal guardian and assent provided by the participant.
排除标准
- •Any illness or musculoskeletal injury that could prevent safe participation in basketball training.
- •Current participation in another structured exercise, sport-specific training, or cognitive-training program.
- •Any visual, neurological, or other condition that could interfere with completion of the computerized cognitive tasks.
- •Medical advice or contraindications against participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical exercise.
研究组 & 干预措施
Weekday-Distributed Basketball Training
Participants completed 180 minutes of basketball training per week for 8 weeks. The training was distributed across five weekday sessions, with each session lasting 36 minutes.
干预措施: Weekday-Distributed Basketball Training (Behavioral)
Weekend-Concentrated Basketball Training
Participants completed 180 minutes of basketball training per week for 8 weeks. The training was concentrated into two weekend sessions, with each session lasting 90 minutes.
干预措施: Weekend-Concentrated Basketball Training (Radiation)
Usual Activity Control
Participants maintained their usual daily activities and received no additional structured basketball training during the 8-week study period.
结局指标
主要结局
Change From Baseline in Flanker Reaction-Time Interference Effect
时间窗: Baseline and immediately after the 8-week intervention
Inhibitory control was assessed using a computerized Flanker task at baseline and immediately after the intervention. The reaction-time interference effect was calculated as the mean reaction time for incongruent trials minus the mean reaction time for congruent trials and was expressed in milliseconds. Change from baseline was calculated as the post-intervention value minus the baseline value. Lower interference scores indicate better inhibitory control, and a negative change indicates improvement.
Change From Baseline in 1-Back Task Accuracy
时间窗: Baseline and immediately after the 8-week intervention
Working memory was assessed using a computerized 1-back task at baseline and immediately after the intervention. Performance was measured as the percentage of correct responses, ranging from 0% to 100%. Change from baseline was calculated as the post-intervention accuracy minus the baseline accuracy. Higher accuracy scores indicate better working memory performance, and a positive change indicates improvement.
Change From Baseline in More-Odd Shifting Task Switching Cost
时间窗: Baseline and immediately after the 8-week intervention
Cognitive flexibility was assessed using a computerized More-Odd Shifting task at baseline and immediately after the intervention. Switching cost was calculated as the mean reaction time for switch trials minus the mean reaction time for repeat trials and was expressed in milliseconds. Change from baseline was calculated as the post-intervention value minus the baseline value. Lower switching-cost values indicate better cognitive flexibility, and a negative change indicates improvement.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Xiaodong Cheng
Dr.
Xi'an Medical University