The Effect of Half Swaddle and Kangaroo Care Practıces Initiated in The Early Period In Preterm Infants on Breastfeeding, Mother-Infant Attachment, Maternal Sleep Quality and Postpartum Depression

breastfeeding evaluated using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form

时间窗: change from before implamentation patent and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th months of practice.

): The BSES-SF was developed by Dennis (1999). Later, the short form of the scale was developed by Dennis (2003) by reducing it. The BSES-SF is a 14-item instrument developed to measure breastfeeding confidence. All the items are preceded by the statement "I can always" and are anchored by a five-point Likert-type scale, with 1 = not at all confident and 5 = always confident. All the items are presented positively and the scores are summed up to produce a final score ranging from 14 to 70, with the higher scores indicating better BSE. Turkish validity and reliability of the scale were done by Tokat and Okumuş (2013).

breastfeeding evaluated using the Perception of Insufficient Milk Questionnaire (PIMQ)

时间窗: change from before implamentation patent and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th months of practice.

Designed based on the conceptual model of McCarter-Spaulding and Kearney (2001), clinical experience, and literature, this six-question questionnaire was designed to measure the perception of insufficient milk in breastfeeding mothers. Turkish validity and reliability study was done by Gökçeoğlu. The first question is a ''yes'' or ''no'' question about whether them other perceives her milk as sufficient and other questions assess whether the mother perceives her milk as insufficient. Mothers rated these questions between 0 and 10, with ''0" meaning that her milk is perceived as completely insufficient, and ''10" meaning that her milk is perceived as completely sufficient. The lowest and highest scores possible on the scale are 0 and 50, respectively. The value of the total score indicates how high the score is and whether the perception of the amount of milk is sufficient.

mother infant attachment evaluated using the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS)

时间窗: change from before implamentation patent and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th months of practice.

MIBS was developed by Taylor et al.12. The MIBS is a measurement tool that can be applied easily and quickly by the puerperal from the first day of the postpartum period and that allows the mother to express her feelings for her baby. This scale shows the relationship between the bond between mother and infant and the mother's mood during the early postpartum period. The MIBS is a four-point Likert-type scale consisting of eight items. Answers are scored between 0-3, the lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 0 and the highest score is 24. High scores indicate a problem with mother-infant bonding. A Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Karakulak and Alparslan.

mother sleep quality evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

时间窗: change from before implamentation patent and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th months of practice.

PSQI is a self-reported screening and assessment questionnaire that details information on the type and severity of sleep quality and disorders within the last month. It was developed by Buysse et al. (20), and its validity and reliability study in Turkish was performed by Agargün et al. (21). PUKI evaluates sleep quality in the last month. 18 items and 7 components (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleeping pills, daytime dysfunction) are included in the scoring. Each item is evaluated over 0-3 points and the sum of 7 component points gives the total PUKI score. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating worsening sleep quality. A total PUKI score of ≤5 is considered "good sleep", and \>5 is considered "bad sleep".

breastfeeding evaluated using the Latch Breastfeeding Diagnosis Measurement Form

时间窗: change from before implamentation patent and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th months of practice.

It is a measurement tool developed by Jensen et al. (1994). The Turkish validity of the Latch Breastfeeding Diagnosis Measurement Form was performed by Yenal and Okumus (2003). The Latch Breastfeeding Diagnosis Measurement Form consists of the combination of the first letters of the English equivalent of the five evaluation criteria and is listed as follows: L (Latch on breast), A (Audible swallowing), T (Type of nipple), C (Comfort breast/nipple), H (Hold / Help). Each item in the scale is evaluated between 0-2 points. The lowest 0 and the highest 10 points are obtained from the scale. Total high score indicates the baby's sucking success.

postpartum depression evaluated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)

时间窗: change from before implamentation patent and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 6th months of practice.

The scale was developed by Cox and Holden (1987). Adapted to Turkish by Engindeniz, Küey, and Kültür (1996). It is used to determine the risk for depression in the postnatal period and to measure the level and change of violence. It is a self-assessment scale. It is applied to postpartum women. It contains a total of 10 questions and measures depression. It provides a four-point Likert type measurement. The directive is at the beginning of the scale and subjects are asked to mark the substance most relevant to their situation when filling in the subjects. The total score of the scale is obtained by adding these item scores. As a result of the cut-off point scale study conducted in Turkey and it has ben calculated as 12/13.