Curcumin Supplementation Effects on Markers of Cardiovascular Risk, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Functional Capacity in Patients With Coronary Arterial Disease

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. CAD refers to the pathological process of atherosclerosis that affects the coronary arteries, often leading to obstruction by an atheromatous plaque. Oxidative stress is one of the most potent inducers of vascular inflammation in atherogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate through nuclear factor kB (NF-kB), transcription factors and genes related to inflammation, thus, activation of NF-kB by ROS in the atherosclerosis patient is associated with vascular dysfunction and thus with inflammation and atherosclerosis. Recently, researchers have discovered a transcription factor identified as nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor, which is responsible for the expression of antioxidant response element genes that can inhibit this pathway, thus providing cellular protection. Thus, several nutritional strategies have been studied, including the use of curcumin, a chemical compound of the class of curcumin produced by turmeric root (Curcuma longa). Turmeric is capable of promoting the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor and inflammasome (NLPR3). These factors, in turn, are involved with the activity of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), a transcription factor that increases the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of turmeric supplementation on cardiovascular risk markers, inflammation, oxidative stress and evaluation of functional capacity. Perspectives: This study aims to improve the inflammatory and oxidative stress status of patients with CAD with the use of turmeric, and thus try to reduce the risk factors related to the onset and progression of coronary artery disease.