An Evaluation of a Dynamic Web-Based Visualization of Community Immunity

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
• Interventions: Behavioral: guardianmeasles; Behavioral: herdimm; Behavioral: robertkochgeneric; Behavioral: sbsnewsgeneric; Behavioral: theotheredmundmeasles; Behavioral: publichealthagencycanadaflu

• Registration Number: NCT04787913
• Lead Sponsor: Laval University

Brief Summary

This study is a PhD project conducted by Ms. Hina Hakim, supervised by Dr. Holly O. Witteman, PhD, and co-supervised Dr. Daniel Reinharz, professors and researchers at the Faculty of Medicine at Laval University. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of visualization conveying the concept of community immunity or herd immunity on risk perception (towards individual, family, community and vulnerable people in communities) (primary outcome) and on emotions, attitudes, knowledge, and behavioural intentions (secondary outcomes).

Detailed Description

Visualization is a powerful communication mechanism that uses pre-attentive processing to communicate large amounts of information rapidly in understandable and compelling ways (Healey and Enns 2012). A systematic review demonstrates that there are some interventions available for conveying the concept of community immunity, and very few evaluate interventions for their effects on vaccine intentions and uptake as well as their precursors, such as knowledge, attitudes, knowledge and none on emotions (Hakim et al. 2018).

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of visualization conveying the concept of community immunity on risk perception (to individual, family, community and vulnerable people in communities) (primary outcome) and on emotions, attitudes, knowledge, and behavioural intentions (secondary outcomes).

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2021-03-01
• Study First Submitted: 2021-03-04
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-03-04
• Study First Posted: 2021-03-09
• Primary Completion: 2021-07-01
• Study Completion: 2021-07-01
• Status Verified: 2024-08
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-08-27
• Last Update Posted: 2024-08-29

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 5516

Inclusion Criteria

• Members of the general population in Canada
• At least 18 years old
• Able to provide free and informed consent
• Able to read and understand French or English
• Able to use a computer

Exclusion Criteria

• No internet access

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: FACTORIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
guardianmeasles	guardianmeasles	Video (comparator) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about measles. English only.
herdimmgeneric	herdimm	Web-based application (main intervention) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about an unnamed vaccine-preventable disease. English and French.
herdimmmeasles	herdimm	Web-based application (main intervention) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about measles. English and French.
herdimmpertussis	herdimm	Web-based application (main intervention) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about pertussis. English and French.
herdimmflu	herdimm	Web-based application (main intervention) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about flu. English and French.
robertkochgeneric	robertkochgeneric	Web-based application (comparator) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about an unnamed vaccine-preventable disease. English only.
sbsnewsgeneric	sbsnewsgeneric	Video (comparator) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about an unnamed vaccine-preventable disease. English only.
theotheredmundmeasles	theotheredmundmeasles	Video (comparator) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about measles. English only.
publichealthagencycanadaflu	publichealthagencycanadaflu	Video (comparator) provided. Participant answers outcome questions about flu. English and French.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Risk perception	immediately after intervention or control	6 items assessing risk perception (item 1 = risk perception as comprehension, scale 0-100, higher numbers better; items 2-5 = risk perception as feelings, scale 1-7, higher numbers better; complete list of items and response wording available in uploaded questionnaire herdimm_phase3_questionnaire_2021-03-01.pdf)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Knowledge	immediately after intervention or control	15 items, with 2 multiple choice questions and 13 true/false questions, for a total possible score ranging from 0 to 18; higher numbers better; complete list of items available in uploaded questionnaire herdimm_phase3_questionnaire_2021-03-01.pdf
Trust in information	immediately after intervention or control	Single item (Control: "During your life, you may have seen information about vaccines. Thinking about the information you have seen, how trustworthy was it?" Treatment: "Earlier, you saw a {{video, website}} about herd immunity. Thinking about the {{video, website}} you saw earlier, how trustworthy was the information in it?") with Likert-type response options 1 = not at all trustworthy, 2 = moderately untrustworthy, 3 = slightly untrustworthy, 4 = neutral, 5 = slightly trustworthy, 6 = moderately trustworthy, 7 = strongly trustworthy
Vaccination intentions	immediately after intervention or control	Questions conditioned on whether the participant indicates they believe they are already immune to the disease in question, e.g., "Imagine you were not already immune to {{measles/pertussis/influenza/a vaccine preventable disease}}. If you were eligible to receive a free vaccine against {{measles/pertussis/influenza/a vaccine-preventable disease}}, how likely would you be to get vaccinated?" Response scale on a slider: 0 = extremely unlikely, I would definitely NOT be vaccinated; 100 = extremely likely, I would definitely BE vaccinated; higher numbers better.
5C scale	immediately after intervention or control	"5C scale: 15-item validated scale measuring the psychological antecedents of vaccination (Betsch et al., 2018)"
Emotions	immediately after intervention or control	5 items (e.g., "I am worried about getting \[disease\]", "I would feel guilty if a vulnerable person (a baby, a young child, an older person, a cancer patient) got \[disease\] from me") with a 7-point Likert-type response scale ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree"; higher numbers may be better; complete list of items and response wording available in uploaded questionnaire herdimm_phase3_questionnaire_2021-03-01.pdf

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Université Laval; 🇨🇦 Québec, Canada