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Radiofrequency and Myofascial Pain Syndrome in Postpartum Pelvic Pain

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
To be Approved by the Ethics Committee
Registration Number
NCT06469632
Lead Sponsor
University of Alcala
Brief Summary

About 30% of women experience pain in the perineum and pelvic region one year after the vaginal labor, rising up to 50% when it is triggered during vaginal penetration, called this pain as dyspareunia. An early physiotherapy treatment could be the solution to the pain relief of these women. Thus, the objectives of the present randomised clinical trail are (i) to determine the effectiveness of a physiotherapy treatment based on education therapeutic, the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM), and PFM specific training with or without radiofrequency in reducing pain and improving sexual function; and, (ii) to know the facilitating factors and barriers in adherence and perceived self-efficacy towards physiotherapy treatment of women with pelviperineal pain in the postpartum.

Methodology: randomized clinical trial with examinator blinding and two parallel groups, followed by a qualitative study. Thirty eight women per group will be needed with postpartum pelviperineal pain between 8 weeks after labour, with intensity ≥ 4 cm on the visual analogue scale. The assignment will be random to an Experimental 1 group based on therapeutic education, plus conservative and invasive treatment of MPS and specific PFM exercise versus an Experimental 2 group consisted in the same treatment plus non-ablative radiofrequency treatment. In both cases, 12 individual supervised sessions will be held by a physiotherapist specialized in women's health, with evaluations pre- and post-intervention, at 3 and 6 months. The outcome variables will be the intensity of the pain, the presence of MPS at PFM, the PFM contraction quality, sexual function and specific quality of life. The qualitative study will be carried out in the assessment 6 months post-intervention, through interviews semi-structured and focus groups. The interviews will be guided with previous questions established, recorded, transcribed and thematically analyzed by a panel of experts.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
74
Inclusion Criteria
  • Primiparous women
  • Eutocic vaginal birth
  • Postpartum pelviperineal pain 8 weeks after birth
  • Intensity ≥ 4 cm in the VAS
  • Freely signed the Informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Multiparous women
  • Instrumental delivery
  • Cesarean delivery
  • Avulsion of the levator ani muscle
  • Diagnosis of coccygodynia and/or coccygeal pain
  • Sphincter anal injury during vaginal birth
  • History of pelvic fractures and/or neoplasms
  • Pregnant women
  • Neurological diseases
  • Vaginal infection or active urinary tract, or with any
  • Uterine device with metallic components
  • Women with cognitive, auditory and/or visual limitations to understand information, respond to questionnaires, consent and/or participate in the study.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Pain intensity through the Verbal Numerical Scale (0 no pain, and 10 the most bearable pain)Pre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

intensity, behavior and location (pain body chart).

Sexual functionPre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Self-completion of the FSFI questionnaire, which evaluates sexual function based on 6 domains: desire, excitement, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain. The maximum score is 36, considering sexual dysfunction a value \>27.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
PFM basal tone in gramsPre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Intravaginal dynamometry

PFM muscle strength in gramsPre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Intravaginal dynamometry

PFM capacity of contraction through Modified Oxford Scale (0 no contraction, 5 strong contraction)Pre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Intravaginal palpation of pelvic floor muscles with one or two fingers.

PFM capacity of relaxation (yes or no)Pre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Intravaginal palpation of pelvic floor muscles with one or two fingers.

Specific quality of life and impact of Pelvoc floor Disfunction using questionnaires: PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7Pre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Through the questionnaires: Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory short version (PFDI-20) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire short form (PFIQ-7). In both questionnaires, the scores range between 0 and 300, where a higher score indicates more distress and more impact on quality of life.

Self-efficacyPre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Through Broome Pelvic Muscle Self-Efficacy Scale. The score ranges from 0 to 100, where 100 implies greater self-efficacy.

Distance of the urogenital hiatus in milimetersPre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Assessment through transperineal ultrasound of the distance of the urogenital hiatus at rest, during a strong PFM contraction and during a pushing effort.

Presence of MPS in PFM and abdominal musclesPre-treatment, post-treatment (6 weeks after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Following the diagnostic criteria of Travel and Simons.

Pelvic floor dysfunction symptomsPre-treatment, post-treatment (after 12 sessions of physiotherapy treatment which will last approximately 3 months after starting the study), 3 and 6 months after treatment

Presence of urinary, intestinal and/or symptoms suggestive of prolapse

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Physiotherapy in Women's Health (FPSM) Research Group. Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain.

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Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain

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