Efficacy of Denosumab on Normal BMD in Women Receiving Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitors for Early Breast Cancer

Phase 3

Active, not recruiting

• Conditions: Breast Cancer
• Interventions: Drug: Denosumab Injection

• Registration Number: NCT03324932
• Lead Sponsor: Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine

Brief Summary

This multicenter, randomized, comparative study will evaluate the efficacy of denosumab to prevent the adjuvant therapy of aromatase inhibitors-induced loss of bone mineral density (BMD) in breast cancer patients with normal BMD. Investigators will compare the inhibitory effects of denosumab on bone loss between participants with normal BMD to whom Letrozole or Arimidex will be administered as postoperative endocrine therapy for stage I-IIIA postmenopausal hormone-sensitive breast cancer and controls.

Detailed Description

Normal BMD means T score is ≥-1.0 for the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) and/or the femoral neck.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2017-09-21
• Study Start: 2017-09-25
• Study First Submitted QC: 2017-10-24
• Study First Posted: 2017-10-30
• Status Verified: 2023-10
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-10-05
• Last Update Posted: 2023-10-06
• Primary Completion: 2023-12
• Study Completion: 2027-12

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 160

Inclusion Criteria

Patients must meet all of the following items at the time of case registration:

1. Patients with infiltrative breast cancer, aged ≥20 years, meeting the following definitions:

   • Those pathologically diagnosed with stage I, II, or IIIA breast cancer (Cancer Management Regulations, 11th version)
   • Those who underwent appropriate surgery, such as mastectomy and breast-preserving surgery

2. Estrogen receptor (ER)- or progesterone receptor (PgR)-positive patients on immunohistochemical (IHC) staining

3. Females meeting one of the following criteria for menopause:

   • Those, aged ≥55 years, without menstruation
   • Those, aged <55 years, with amenorrhea for ≥12 months, or those diagnosed with menopause by attending physicians based on the FSH and estradiol levels
   • Those who underwent bilateral oophorectomy

4. Patients in whom the BMD for the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) on DXA before the start of this study is ≥-1.0SD of the mean value of young adult females (YAM), and the BMD for the femoral neck is ≥-1.0SD of YAM

5. Patients without lumbar vertebral or femoral fracture

6. Those with an ECOG PS of 0-2

7. Those with adequate organ functions (laboratory data within 4 weeks before case registration)

   • Leukocyte count, ≥3,000/mm3 or Neutrophil count, ≥1,500/mm3
   • AST, ALT, ≤1.5-fold of the upper limit of the institutional reference range
   • Serum creatinine, ≤1.5-fold of the upper limit of the institutional reference range

8. Case registration should be performed before the following point:Twelve weeks after the completion of surgery or postoperative chemotherapy (The completion of chemotherapy refers to the completion of the final course, involving the recovery phase.)

9. Patients with an interval of ≥4 weeks after the discontinuation of therapy with bisphosphonates (oral preparations), estrogen preparations, raloxifene, calcitonin preparations, vitamin K preparations, active vitamin D preparations, or ipriflavone preparations, which influence bones

10. Those from whom written informed consent regarding study participation was obtained

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Exclusion Criteria

Whether each patient meets any of the following items must be checked on case registration:

1. Patients in whom distant metastasis was confirmed clinically or using imaging procedures at the time of case registration

2. Those with bilateral breast cancer

3. Those for whom postoperative hormonal therapy was started before consenting to study participation

4. Those who received endocrine therapy within 52 weeks before consenting to study participation

5. Those to whom bisphosphonate preparations were intravenously administered within 52 weeks before consenting to study participation

6. Those with the following diseases that may affect DXA

   • Severe scoliosis, immobility, hyperostosis or osteosclerosis of the lumbar vertebrae, calcification of the abdominal aorta, and vertebral disease

7. Those with a history of malignant tumors other than breast cancer within 260 weeks before consenting to study participation

8. Those with dental diseases, such as infectious diseases of the teeth or jaw and tooth trauma. Those for whom tooth or jaw surgery is scheduled within 6 weeks after consenting to study participation (tooth extraction, implantation)

9. Others who are considered to be ineligible by the chief investigator

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
AI+denosumab VS only AI	Denosumab Injection	We compare AI intake+denosumab injection and AI intake only in patients with normal BMD to whom Letrozole or Arimidex will be administered as postoperative endocrine therapy, and we assess the efficacy of denosumab injection on bone loss by adjuvant endocrine therapy.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
percentage change in the bone mineral density (BMD) for the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)	12 months after the start of this study	The change is a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the BMD after 12 months/baseline BMD is expressed as a percentage

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
percentage change in the BMD for the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) on DXA	after 2, 3, 4, and 5 years	percentage change in the BMD for the femoral neck: After 2/3/4/5 years
percentage change in the BMD for the femoral neck	after 12 months and 2/3/4/5 years	percentage change in the BMD for the femoral neck: After 12 months and 2/3/4/5 years
percentage change in the BMD for the radius (an ultrasonic bone densimeter is used)institutions in which ultrasonic bone densimeters are used)	after 2 and 4 weeks, every 4 weeks thereafter (for 2 years after registration)(only	percentage change in the BMD for the radius (an ultrasonic bone densimeter is used): After 2 and 4 weeks, every 4 weeks thereafter (for 2 years after registration)(only institutions in which ultrasonic bone densimeters are used)
Changes in Ca and bone metabolism markers	after 24 weeks	Changes in Ca (mg/dL corrected by albumin level) and bone metabolism markers such as TRAP5b, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), blood pentosidine) by blood sampling at every 6 months
Appearance rate of morbid fracture in all participants	up to 3 years	Appearance rate of morbid fracture up to 3 years in all participants. Morbid fractures include all types of fractures.
Disease-free survival	at least 5 year	Disease-free survival at the end of the study
Overall survival	at least 5 year	Overall survival at the end of the study
Appearance of adverse events	at least 5 year	Appearance rate of adverse events (such as hypocalcemia and necrosis of the jaw)
Quality of life (QOL)	after 24 weeks	Quality of life(QOL), Japanese version Euro-Qol (EQ-5D-5L) evaluated by questionnaire at every 6 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hisako Ono; 🇯🇵 Kyoto, Japan