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The Dietary Education Trial in Carbohydrate Counting (DIET-CARB Study in Type 1 Diabetes

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Type1 Diabetes Mellitus
Type1diabetes
Glucose Metabolism Disorders
Interventions
Behavioral: BCC intervention
Behavioral: Standard dietary education
Behavioral: ABC-ACC intervention
Registration Number
NCT03623113
Lead Sponsor
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen
Brief Summary

The study is designed to evaluate two different dietitian-led self-management approaches in carbohydrate counting compared to routine dietary care (control) on glycaemic control in adult patients with type 1 diabetes:

1. The basic carbohydrate counting concept aims at improving carbohydrate counting accuracy and day-to-day consistency of carbohydrate intake (the BCC intervention)

2. The advanced carbohydrate counting concept aims at improving prandial insulin dose accuracy using an automated bolus calculator (the ABC-ACC intervention)

The main hypothesis is that structured training and education in either the BCC concept or the ABC-ACC concept will reduce HbA1c or the average glucose variability more than routine dietary education.

Detailed Description

The current study is a randomized controlled trial with a parallel-group design. A total of 231 patients will be enrolled in the trial. Participants will be randomized to one of three arms: 1) Basic carbohydrate counting (BCC), 2) Advanced carbohydrate counting with an automated bolus calculator (ABC-ACC), or 3) Standard dietary care.

The primary objective is to evaluate the six months effects of education in the BCC concept and the ABC-ACC concept compared to standard dietary care on glycaemic control as assessed by HbA1c or MAGE (mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
63
Inclusion Criteria
  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Diabetes duration; >12 months
  • HbA1c of 53-97 mmol/mol
  • Multiple daily insulin injection therapy
  • Provided voluntary written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Practicing carbohydrate counting, as judged by the investigator
  • Participated in a BCC group program within the last two years
  • Use of insulin pump, or plans of having an insulin pump within the study period
  • Fixed dose of rapid acting insulin therapy for meals
  • Split-mixed insulin therapy
  • Use of open CGM
  • Use of Freestyle Libre
  • Use of an automated bolus calculator
  • Gastroparesis
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding, or plans of pregnancy within the study period
  • Low daily intake of carbohydrates (defined as below 25 E% or 100 g/day), as judged by the investigator
  • Uncontrolled medical issues, as judged by the investigator or a medical expert
  • Concomitant participation in other clinical studies
  • Unable to understand the informed consent and the study procedures

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
BCC interventionBCC interventionThe BCC program consists of three group sessions and is delivered by two trained dietitians. In addition to the BCC program, the participants receive regular medical care in the diabetes clinic
Standard dietary educationStandard dietary educationThe routine outpatient dietary care consists of three individual consultations delivered by a trained dietitian. The individual guidance is based on the overall treatment goal(s), the defined personal dietary goals for behavioral change which will be in accordance with the patient's needs and preferences. In addition to the dietary counselling, the participants receive regular medical care in the diabetes clinic
ABC-ACC interventionABC-ACC interventionThe ABC-ACC program consists of one group session and two individual follow-up sessions and is delivered by trained dietitians with supervision by a medical doctor. In addition to the ABC-ACC program, the participants receive regular medical care in the diabetes clinic
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in HbA1cBaseline, 6 months

mmol/mol

Change in mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (MAGE)Baseline, 6 months

mmol/l

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in diastolic blood pressureBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

mm Hg

Change in carbohydrate estimation accuracyBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

Total score or percent (%)

Change in diet-related quality of lifeBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

Total score or percent (%)

Change in perceived competences in diabetesBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

Total score or percent (%)

Change in degree of autonomy-supportive dietitianBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

Total score or percent (%)

Change in total energy intakeBaseline, 6 months

kJ/day

Change in dietary intake of carbohydratesBaseline, 6 months

gram/day or percent of total energy (E%)

Change in body weightBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

kg

Change in free fatty acids (FFA)Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

mmol/l

Change in triglycerides (TG)Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

mmol/l

Change in systolic blood pressureBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

mm Hg

Change in waist circumferenceBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

cm

Change in hip circumferenceBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

cm

Change in time in range (3.9-10.0 mmol/l)Baseline, 6 months

Percent (%)

Changes in % time spent in hypoglycaemia (<3.9 mmol/l)Baseline, 6 months

Percent (%)

Change % time spent in hyperglycaemia (e.g. >11.1 mmol/l)Baseline, 6 months

Percent (%)

Change in standard deviation of mean plasma glucoseBaseline, 6 months

mmol/l

Change in mathematical literacyBaseline, 6 months, 12 months

Total score or percent (%)

Change in HbA1c12 months

mmol/mol

Change in high-density cholesterol (HDL-C)Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

mmol/l

Change in total cholesterol (TC)Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

mmol/l

Change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)Baseline, 6 months, 12 months

mmol/l

Change in total fat free massBaseline, 6 months

gram

Change in total fat massBaseline, 6 months

gram

Change in dietary intake of total fatBaseline, 6 months

gram/day or percent of total energy (E%)

Change in dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)Baseline, 6 months

gram/day or percent of total energy (E%)

Change in dietary intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA)Baseline, 6 months

gram/day or percent of total energy (E%)

Change in dietary intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)Baseline, 6 months

gram/day or percent of total energy (E%)

Change in dietary intake of proteinBaseline, 6 months

gram/day or percent of total energy (E%)

Change in dietary intake of added sugarBaseline, 6 months

gram/day or percent of total energy (E%)

Change in intake of dietary fibreBaseline, 6 months

gram/day or g/MJ

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen

šŸ‡©šŸ‡°

Gentofte, Denmark

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