MedPath

CompariSon of Manual Aspiration With Rheolytic Thrombectomy in Patients Undergoing Primary PCI. The SMART-PCI Trial

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Thrombus
Interventions
Procedure: Manual Thrombectomy
Procedure: AngioJet Rheolytic Thrombectomy (RT) System
Registration Number
NCT01281033
Lead Sponsor
Careggi Hospital
Brief Summary

To compare rheolytic thrombectomy (RT) with manual thrombus aspiration (MTA) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary PCI.

Occlusive thrombosis triggered by a disrupted or eroded atherosclerotic plaque is the anatomic substrate of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Due to this substrate, macro- and microembolization during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in AMI is frequent and may result in obstruction of the microvessel network, and decreased efficacy of reperfusion and myocardial salvage. Direct stenting without predilation or postdilation is the most simplistic approach to the problem of embolization, and may decrease embolization and the incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon. Other approaches to the problem of microvessel embolization include thrombectomy before stent implantation, and the use of antiembolic devices (filters and occlusive devices with retrieval of thromboembolic material after stent implantation). Most concluded studies on removing of thrombus before stenting used manual aspiration catheters and meta-analyses derived from these studies support the use of manual thrombus aspiration (MTA) catheters in the setting of primary PCI. MTA is currently recommended in the setting of primary PCI as a Class II b recommendation; level of evidence B. Rheolytic thrombectomy (RT) using multiple jets of saline solution and aspiration based on the Bernoulli effect has been proven to be effective in decreasing major adverse events during PCI in saphenous vein grafts or native coronary arteries with angiographic evidence of thrombus, and 2 out of 3 concluded studies have shown a better reperfusion and clinical outcome in patients randomized to RT as compared to control.

Detailed Description

The SMART Study is an on-label, randomized, 2-arms, prospective study in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. Diagnosis of STEMI is based on ECG evidence of ischemic ST changes, clinical symptoms, and elevated CK and CK-MB cardiac enzymes. Patients who are eligible for the Study and who provide written informed consent will be included in the study.

Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient is \> 18 years of age.

* Patient has ST-segment elevation of at least 0.1 mV in 2 or more contiguous leads or presumably new LBBB for all types of infarcts.

* Patient's AMI presentation is greater than 30 minutes but less than 6 hours after symptom onset.

* Patient provides written informed consent.

* Patient has no childbearing potential or is not pregnant.

* Target artery has a reference vessel diameter of at least 2.5 mm on visual assessment at baseline angiography.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Known prior history of renal insufficiency (serum creatinine 2.0 mg/dL).

* Cardiogenic shock.

* Prior administration of thrombolysis for the current infarction.

* Participation in another study.

* Major surgery within past 6 weeks.

* History of stroke within 30 days, or any history of hemorrhagic stroke.

* Severe hypertension (systolic BP \> 200 mm Hg or diastolic BP \> 110 mm Hg) not controlled on antihypertensive therapy.

* Known neutropenia ( \<1000 neutrophils per mm3) or known severe thrombocytopenia (\< 50,000 platelets per mm3).

* Patient unwilling to receive blood products.

* Previously stented IRA (stent thrombosis).

* Inability to identify the IRA.

* Severe vessel tortuosity that enables OCT assessment.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
80
Inclusion Criteria

Clinical inclusion criteria:

  • Patient is > 18 years of age.
  • Patient has ST-segment elevation of at least 0.1 mV in 2 or more contiguous leads or presumably new LBBB for all types of infarcts.
  • Patient's AMI presentation is greater than 30 minutes but less than 6 hours after symptom onset.
  • Patient provides written informed consent. Patient has no childbearing potential or is not pregnant

Angiographic inclusion criteria:

  • All patients with or without evidence of thrombus are eligible.
  • Target artery has a reference vessel diameter 2.5 mm on visual assessment at baseline angiography.
Exclusion Criteria

Clinical exclusion criteria:

  • Known prior history of renal insufficiency (serum creatinine 2.0 mg/dL).
  • Cardiogenic shock.
  • Prior administration of thrombolysis for the current infarction.
  • Participation in another study.
  • Major surgery within past 6 weeks.
  • History of stroke within 30 days, or any history of hemorrhagic stroke.
  • Severe hypertension (systolic BP > 200 mm Hg or diastolic BP > 110 mm Hg) not controlled on antihypertensive therapy.
  • Known neutropenia ( <1000 neutrophils per mm3) or known severe thrombocytopenia (< 50,000 platelets per mm3).
  • Patient unwilling to receive blood products

Angiographic exclusion criteria:

  • Previously stented IRA (stent thrombosis).
  • Inability to identify the IRA.
  • Severe vessel tortuosity that enables OCT assessment.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
thrombus-aspiration groupManual ThrombectomyIn patients in the thrombus-aspiration group, the thrombus-aspiration is manually performed.
AngioJet Rheolytic ThrombectomyAngioJet Rheolytic Thrombectomy (RT) SystemAngioJet Rheolytic Thrombectomy (RT) System consists of a drive unit console, disposable pump set, and disposable catheter.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Post-thrombectomy thrombus burden as assessed by coronary OCTbaseline

OCT images analysis. The primary end-point of the study will be the number of thrombus containing vascular quadrants considering vascular slices.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Angiographic thrombus grade after thrombectomybaseline
ST-segment resolution at 30 minutes post-PCI, assessed by 12-lead ECG30 minutes
Angiographic markers of reperfusion:TIMI flow grade, TIMI myocardial blush.baseline
Procedural angiographic complications : distal embolization, no-reflow, perforation, dissection.baseline
Infarct size and microvascular obstruction measured by MRI at 3-7 days3-7 days
Six-month MACE (death, reinfarction, TVR, stroke)six months
Six-month binary angiographic restenosis (> 50%)six months
Percent of malapposed struts at 6-month OCT follow-upsix months
Six-month left ventricular remodelling by 2D ECHOsix months
Twelve-month MACE or hospital admission for heart failure12 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Careggi Hospital

🇮🇹

Florence, Italy

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath