Efficacy of Joshanda Baboona and its Sitz Bath in Usr al Tamth Tashanuji Spasmodic Dysmenorrhea A Randomized Standard Controlled Study

Usr al Tamth Dysmenorrhea means difficult menstruation but the term is commonly used to refer to painful menstruation. Many women with dysmenorrhea experience additional menstrual related symptoms such as backache ,headache diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. The first 24 to 48 hours after the start of menstrual flow, or within a few hours before or after, are usually characterized by these symptoms. Dysmenorrhea affects 16.8percent to 81percent of women, according to the WHO, with prevalence estimates among women and adolescents ranging from 25 percent to 90 percent Studies from India have shown prevalence rates ranging from 50 percent to 87.8 percent It affects more than half of females aged 18 to 25 years old. Dysmenorrhea is classified into two types: Primary dysmenorrhea, which describes cyclic menstrual pain without an identifiable associated pathology and Secondary dysmenorrhea, which frequently complicates conditions such as endometriosis, leiomyomas, PID, adenomyosis, endometrial polyps and menstrual outlet obstruction.

In conventional medicine, the treatment of choice for this problem generally includes NSAIDs, hormonal preparations like OCPs and surgery. However, these methods have also been found to have a failure rate of 20-25 percent. Additionally, these drugs can aggravate gastrointestinal problems and lead to adverse drug interactions.

Unani physicians have discussed dysmenorrhea and its management under the heading of Waja al Rahim, Dard al Rahim. Various single drugs such as Zanjabeel Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Saunf Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Zafran Crocus sativus L., Zeera Siyah Cuminum cyminum Linn. Baboona Matricaria chamomila L, Hulba Trigonella foenum-graecum L.and Shuneez Nigella sativus L have been proven for their efficacy. Baboona Matricaria chamomilla L has been selected for the treatment of dysmenorrhea in the present study as it possess properties such as Mudirr i Hayd emmenagogue, Mudirr-i-Bawl diuretic, Idrar al-Laban lactagogue, Muhallil e Awram anti inflammatory, Musakkin analgesic, Daf i Tashannuj antispasmodic and Mufatche Suddad 9-12 Hence, oral administration in the form of Joshanda Baboona Matricaria chamomilla L and its sitz bath have been chosen to validate its efficacy in Usr al Tamth Tashanuji.

Abzan is a method where the patient sits in a shallow tub filled with plain or medicated water, covering up to the umbilicus. It is commonly advised by Unani physicians for gynecological disorders such as menstrual disorders, genital prolapse, vaginal infections a pelvic inflammatory disease.