A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Venetoclax Monotherapy in Relapsed/Refractory Participants With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Venetoclax

Registration Number: NCT02756611

Lead Sponsor: AbbVie

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of venetoclax monotherapy in participants with relapsed/refractory CLL with or without the 17p deletion or TP53 mutation, including those who have received prior treatment with a B-cell receptor inhibitor.

Detailed Description: Following the Screening period, all eligible participants initiate venetoclax on a once daily (QD) dosing schedule. To mitigate the risk for tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), dosing will start with a 5-week dose titration phase.

Participants may receive venetoclax for up to 2 years provided they continue to tolerate the drug, have no evidence of disease progression (based on investigator assessment), do not have unacceptable toxicity and do not meet any of the criteria for subject discontinuation. In countries where venetoclax is not commercially available, participants who continued to derive benefit after 2 years of treatment may extend their treatment for up to 2 additional years in an extended access phase. Participants in the extended access phase of this study who continue to derive benefit from venetoclax after the 2-year extension and are transferring to the venetoclax extension study, Study M19-388 (NCT03844048), may remain in Extended Access for up to 1 additional year or until the extension study is approved and initiated at the site, whichever is sooner.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 258

Inclusion Criteria

Participant has Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score of less than or equal to 2
Participant has relapsed/refractory disease (received at least 1 prior therapy)
Participant has diagnosis of CLL that meets published 2008 Modified International Workshop for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia National Cancer Institute Working Group (IWCLL NCI-WG) Guidelines and:
- has an indication for treatment according to the 2008 Modified IWCLL NCI-WG criteria
- has clinically measurable disease (lymphocytosis greater than 5 × 10^9/L and/or palpable and measurable nodes by physical exam and/or organomegaly assessed by physical exam)
In addition, participants:
- with or without 17p deletion or TP53 mutation, assessed by a local laboratory in bone marrow or peripheral blood are eligible
- may have been previously treated with a prior B-cell receptor inhibitor
Participant must have adequate bone marrow function, coagulation profile, renal, and hepatic function, per laboratory at Screening

Exclusion Criteria

Participant has developed Richter's transformation or Prolymphocytic leukemia
Participant has previously received venetoclax
History of active malignancies other than CLL within the past 2 years prior to first dose of venetoclax, with the exception of:
- adequately treated in situ carcinoma of the cervix uteri
- adequately treated basal cell carcinoma or localized squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
- previous malignancy confined and surgically resected (or treated with other modalities) with curative intent
Participant has active and uncontrolled autoimmune cytopenias (for 2 weeks prior to Screening), including autoimmune hemolytic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura despite low dose corticosteroids
Participant has undergone an allogeneic stem cell transplant
Treatment with any of the following within five half-lives or 14 days (if half-life unknown) as applicable prior to the first dose of venetoclax, or clinically significant adverse effect(s)/toxicity(s) of the previous therapy have not resolved to < National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) v4.03 Grade 2:
- Any anti-cancer therapy including chemotherapy, or radiotherapy;
- Investigational therapy, including targeted small molecule agents
Participant is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive
Participant has known allergy to both xanthine oxidase inhibitors and rasburicase

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Venetoclax	Venetoclax	Venetoclax will be administered orally once daily (QD) beginning with a dose-titration phase. The initial venetoclax dose is 20 mg QD. After 1 week of treatment at 20 mg QD, the dose will be escalated to 50 mg QD followed by subsequent increases, each after 1 week, to 100 mg QD, 200 mg QD and the maximum dose of 400 mg QD. Participants may continue to receive venetoclax for up to 2 years provided they continue to tolerate the drug, have no evidence of disease progression (based on investigator's assessment), do not have unacceptable toxicity, and do not meet any of the criteria for discontinuation. In countries where venetoclax is not commercially available, participants who continue to derive benefit after 2 years of treatment may be able to extend their treatment for up to 2 additional years, plus one additional year until the venetoclax extension study was open, determined on a case by case basis.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Complete Remission Rate in Participants Not Previously Treated With BCRi Therapy - Primary Analysis	From first dose of study drug until the last participant completed Week 48 assessments (data cut-off date 30 June 2019); overall median time on follow-up was 23.2 months.	Complete remission rate is defined as the percentage of participants achieving a best response of complete remission (CR) or complete remission with incomplete marrow recovery (CRi) assessed by the investigator based on 2008 Modified International Workshop for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia National Cancer Institute-Working Group (IWCLL NCI-WG) criteria. CR required all of the following: * Peripheral blood lymphocytes \< 4000/μL * Absence of lymphadenopathy by physical examination and computed tomography scan * No hepatomegaly or splenomegaly by physical examination * Absence of disease or constitutional symptoms (unexplained fevers \> 38°C, drenching night sweats, \> 10% weight loss in last 6 months) * Blood counts above the following: * Neutrophils \> 1500/μL * Platelets \> 100,000/μL * Hemoglobin \> 110 g/L * Bone marrow at least normocellular for age, \< 30% lymphocytes. CRi was defined as for CR but with persistent cytopenia apparently unrelated to CLL but related to drug toxicity.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Complete Remission Rate in Participants Previously Treated With BCRi Therapy - Primary Analysis	From first dose of study drug until the last participant completed Week 48 assessments (data cut-off date 30 June 2019); overall median time on follow-up was 23.2 months.	Complete remission rate is defined as the percentage of participants achieving a best response of complete remission (CR) or complete remission with incomplete marrow recovery (CRi) assessed by the investigator based on 2008 modified IWCLL NCI-WG criteria. CR required all of the following: * Peripheral blood lymphocytes \< 4000/μL * Absence of lymphadenopathy by physical examination and computed tomography scan * No hepatomegaly or splenomegaly by physical examination * Absence of disease or constitutional symptoms (unexplained fevers \> 38°C, drenching night sweats, \> 10% weight loss in last 6 months) * Blood counts above the following: * Neutrophils \> 1500/μL * Platelets \> 100,000/μL * Hemoglobin \> 110 g/L * Bone marrow at least normocellular for age, \< 30% lymphocytes CRi was defined as for CR but with persistent cytopenia apparently unrelated to CLL but related to drug toxicity.
Time to Progression (TTP) - Primary Analysis	From first dose of study drug until the last participant completed Week 48 assessments (data cut-off date 30 June 2019); overall median time on follow-up was 23.2 months.	Time to progression was defined as the time from the date of first dose of venetoclax to the date of earliest PD (radiographic or clinical). Participants who did not experience disease progression were censored at the date of the last available disease assessment prior to the data cutoff date; participants with no post-baseline disease assessments were censored at the first dose date plus 1 day. Time to progression was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methodology.
Progression-Free Survival (PFS) - Primary Analysis	From first dose of study drug until the last participant completed Week 48 assessments (data cut-off date 30 June 2019); overall median time on follow-up was 23.2 months.	Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as the time from the date of first dose of venetoclax to the date of earliest PD (radiographic or clinical) or death. Participants who did not experience disease progression or death were censored at the date of the last available disease assessment prior to the data cutoff date; participants with no post-baseline tumor assessment or clinical assessment for progression were censored at the date of first dose plus 1 day. Progression-free survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier methodology.
Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Fatigue Scale (FACIT-Fatigue)	Baseline and Weeks 48 and 108	The FACIT-Fatigue questionnaire measures fatigue and its effect on functioning and daily activities. The FACIT-Fatigue includes 13 items answered on a 5-point rating scale based on a 7-day recall period. Scores range from 0 to 52, with lower scores reflecting greater fatigue.
Change From Baseline in EuroQoL 5 Dimension 5 Level Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) Health Index Score	Baseline and Weeks 48 and 108	The EQ-5D-5L is a generic measure of health status consisting of two parts: a descriptive system consisting of 5 items and a visual analog scale (VAS). The descriptive system comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. The participant is asked to rate each dimension on 5 levels of severity (1: no problems, 2: slight problems, 3: moderate problems, 4: severe problems, 5: extreme problems). The scores for the 5 dimensions are used to compute a single health utility index score representing the general health status of the individual. The health index score ranges from zero (defined as a health state equivalent to being dead) to 1 (full health).
Change From Baseline in EuroQoL 5 Dimension 5 Level Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) Visual Analog Scale Score	Baseline and Weeks 48 and 108	The EQ-5D-5L is a generic measure of health status consisting of two parts, a descriptive system consisting of 5 items and a visual analog scale (VAS). The VAS assesses the participant's self-rated overall health on a scale from 0 (worst health imaginable) to 100 (best health imaginable).
Overall Response Rate (ORR) - Primary Analysis	From first dose of study drug until the last participant completed Week 48 assessments (data cut-off date 30 June 2019); overall median time on follow-up was 23.2 months.	Overall response rate was defined as the percentage of participants with an overall best response of CR, CRi, nodular partial remission (nPR), or confirmed partial remission (PR) based on the 2008 modified IWCLL NCI-WG criteria assessed by the investigator. CR and CRi are defined above. nPR is defined as for CR but bone marrow nodules could be identified histologically. For PR at least 2 of the following must be met: * 50% decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte count from the Baseline value; * 50% reduction in lymphadenopathy; * 50% reduction in the size of the liver and/or spleen (if abnormal prior to therapy); In addition at least 1 of the following criteria must be met: * Neutrophils \> 1,500/μL or ≥ 50% improvement over Baseline; * Platelets \> 100,000/μL or ≥ 50% improvement over Baseline; * Hemoglobin \> 11.0 g/dL or ≥ 50% improvement over Baseline without transfusions or exogenous growth factors. PR must have been confirmed at least 7 weeks later.
Duration of Overall Response (DOR) - Primary Analysis	From first dose of study drug until the last participant completed Week 48 assessments (data cut-off date 30 June 2019); overall median time on follow-up was 23.2 months.	Duration of response was defined as the time from the date of first response (CR, CRi, nPR, or PR) to the earliest date that progressive disease (PD) was objectively documented (radiographic or clinical) or death. Duration of response was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) methodology. If a participant was still responding the data were censored at the date of the last available disease assessment prior to the data cutoff date.
Overall Survival (OS) - Primary Analysis	From first dose of study drug until the last participant completed Week 48 assessments (data cut-off date 30 June 2019); overall median time on follow-up was 23.2 months.	Overall survival (time to death) was defined as the time from the first dose date of venetoclax to the date of death. If a participant had not died the data were censored at the date when they were last known to be alive prior to the cutoff date. Overall survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methodology.
Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Leukemia Questionnaire (FACT-Leu)	Baseline and Weeks 48 and 108	The FACT-Leu is a 44-item, leukemia-specific questionnaire designed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and leukemia-specific symptoms using a core set of questions (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General; FACT-G), and a cancer site-specific leukemia subscale. Questions are scored on a scale from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much). FACT-G consists of 27 general items divided into 4 primary HRQoL domains: Physical Well-being (PWB; 7 items; score range 0-28), Social/Family Well-being (SWB; 7 items; score range 0-28), Emotional Well-being (EWB; 6 items; score range 0-24), Functional Well-being (FWB; 7 items; score range 0-28). The leukemia subscale consists of 17 items (score range 0-68) that assess patient concerns relating to leukemia. Three summary scales were calculated: FACT-Trial Outcome Index composed of the PWB, FWB, and leukemia subscale (score range 0-124); FACT-G (score range 0-108) and the FACT-Leu Total (range 0-176). Higher scores reflect better HRQoL.

Trial Locations

Locations (67): Sunnybrook Health Sciences Ctr /ID# 147462
🇨🇦
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
IPO Porto FG, EPE /ID# 147389
🇵🇹
Porto, Portugal
Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve /ID# 147930
🇨🇭
Genève, Geneve, Switzerland
Hanusch Krankenhaus der WGKK /ID# 147548
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Wien, Austria
CHU de la miletrie /ID# 147484
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Poitiers, Poitou-Charentes, France
Haukeland University Hospital /ID# 147382
🇳🇴
Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
AP Romano Umberto I /ID# 147500
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Rome, Lazio, Italy
LKH-Univ. Klinikum Graz /ID# 147547
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Graz, Austria
Skanes Universitetssjukhus Lund /ID# 147439
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Lund, Skane Lan, Sweden
Dokuz Eylul University /ID# 147442
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Izmir, Turkey
Univ Hosp Bristol NHS Foundati /ID# 147647
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Bristol, United Kingdom
Mannheimer Onkologiepraxis /ID# 147512
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Mannheim, Germany
Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc /ID# 147388
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Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Bruxelles-Capitale, Belgium
Turku University Hospital /ID# 147551
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Turku, Finland
CHRU de Brest - Hopital Morvan /ID# 147485
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Brest, France
OncoResearch Lerchenfeld GmbH /ID# 164044
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Hamburg, Germany
CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval /ID# 150299
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Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
clinique Sainte Anne /ID# 147556
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Strasbourg, France
Vehbi Koc vakfi Amerikan Hasta /ID# 147325
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Istanbul, Turkey
Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau /ID# 151230
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Barcelona, Spain
Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Ctr /ID# 151624
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Tel Aviv-Yafo, Tel-Aviv, Israel
ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda /ID# 147503
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Milano, Lombardia, Italy
Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS /ID# 147504
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Milan, Italy
Hosp Univ Puerta de Hierro /ID# 147391
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Majadahonda, Spain
Beaumont Hospital /ID# 147522
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Dublin, Ireland
Galilee Medical Center /ID# 159971
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Nahariya, Israel
Rikshospitalet OUS HF /ID# 201812
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Oslo, Norway
IPO Lisboa FG, EPE /ID# 147385
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Lisboa, Portugal
Akademiska Sjukhuset /ID# 150184
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Uppsala, Uppsala Lan, Sweden
G. Papanikolaou Hospital /ID# 147518
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Thessaloniki, Greece
Blackpool Teaching Hosp NHS /ID# 149581
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Blackpool, United Kingdom
Sheba Medical Center /ID# 147509
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Ramat Gan, Israel
Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty /ID# 156040
🇹🇷
Istanbul, Turkey
Ondokuz mayis University Facul /ID# 147326
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Samsun, Turkey
Southampton General Hospital /ID# 147646
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Southampton, United Kingdom
Academisch Medisch Centrum /ID# 147494
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Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
St. James's Hospital /ID# 147519
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Dublin 8, Dublin, Ireland
Herlev Hospital /ID# 150183
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Herlev, Hovedstaden, Denmark
Aarhus University Hospital /ID# 147409
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Aarhus N, Midtjylland, Denmark
AO Maggiore della Carita /ID# 147499
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Novara, Italy
Hackensack Univ Med Ctr /ID# 151574
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Hackensack, New Jersey, United States
St. Agnes Cancer Center /ID# 149782
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Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Cancer Care Northwest /ID# 151605
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Spokane, Washington, United States
West Virginia Univ School Med /ID# 151602
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Morgantown, West Virginia, United States
LKH Salzburg and Paracelsus /ID# 147549
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Salzburg, Austria
UZ Leuven /ID# 147387
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Leuven, Belgium
BC Cancer Agency /ID# 153091
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Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Qe Ii Hsc /Id# 147460
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Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
CHU Dupuytren /ID# 147552
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Limoges CEDEX 1, Franche-Comte, France
Institut Bergonie /ID# 147482
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Bordeaux, France
Onkologische Schwerpunktpraxis /ID# 147516
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Berlin, Germany
Cent fuer Haematologie und Onk /ID# 147511
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Frankfurt, Germany
Staedt. Klinikum Schwabing /ID# 147510
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Munich, Germany
General Hospital of Athens Laiko /ID# 147517
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Athens, Attiki, Greece
A.O.U. Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi /ID# 147505
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Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Albert Schweitzer Ziekenhuis /ID# 147495
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Dordrecht, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands
Fundacion Jimenez Diaz /ID# 151231
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Madrid, Spain
Hospital Clinico Univ de Salamanca /ID# 147392
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Salamanca, Spain
Hosp Clin Univ de Valencia /ID# 147396
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València, Spain
Ankara Univ Medical Faculty /ID# 147443
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Ankara, Turkey
University Hospital Zurich /ID# 157910
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Zurich, Zuerich, Switzerland
The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Tr /ID# 147945
🇬🇧
Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
Juravinski Cancer Clinic /ID# 149152
🇨🇦
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Puerto Rico Hematology Oncolog /ID# 150003
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San Juan, Puerto Rico
Ospedale Regional Bellinzona e /ID# 151232
🇨🇭
Bellinzona, Switzerland
Norton Cancer Institute /ID# 149788
🇺🇸
Louisville, Kentucky, United States
Utah Cancer Specialists /ID# 151604
🇺🇸
Salt Lake City, Utah, United States