Kettlebell Swings and Paraspinal Muscle Function

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Exercise Training
• Interventions: Other: Kettlebell swing

• Registration Number: NCT06069271
• Lead Sponsor: University of Central Florida

Brief Summary

The purpose of this randomized control trial is to determine the extent of muscle fatigue in the lumbar erector spinae musculature secondary to a high-intensity interval kettlebell swing protocol utilizing TMG previously published by Jay et. al in 2011.

Detailed Description

Background: Kettlebell swings are commonly utilized to target the lumbar erector spinae and lower body musculature. This exercise exhibits distinct loading properties that requires cyclical contraction of the trunk extensors and posterior chain, potentially explaining its novel influence on muscle contractility. Tensiomyography (TMG) is a reliable, noninvasive, passive technique that may be used to examine muscular fatigue produced by kettlebell swings. Purpose: The purpose of this randomized control trial is to determine the extent of muscle fatigue in the lumbar erector spinae musculature secondary to a high-intensity interval kettlebell swing protocol utilizing TMG previously published by Jay et. al in 2011. Subjects: Forty-one adults between the ages of 18 and 45 were recruited. Inclusion criteria included subjects with no recent history of low back pain and clearance by the physical activity readiness questionnaire. Methods: Participants were randomly allocated to either a kettlebell swing group (KBS; n=21) or a control group (CON; n=20) who only performed the unloaded warm up. Participants were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 24-hours post-intervention for bilateral erector spinae fatigue, measured by five TMG parameters (Dm, Tc, Tr, Td, Ts).

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2020-03-04
• Primary Completion: 2022-03-08
• Study Completion: 2023-01-15
• Status Verified: 2023-09
• Study First Submitted: 2023-09-25
• Study First Submitted QC: 2023-09-29
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-09-29
• Study First Posted: 2023-10-05
• Last Update Posted: 2023-10-05

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 41

Inclusion Criteria

• Ages of 18 and 45 years of age.
• Clear PAR-Q

Exclusion Criteria

• history of low back pain
• pre-existing injuries
• If "YES" was the response to any of the seven questions in the PAR-Q, the participant was deemed to be unable to exercise safely.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Exercise	Kettlebell swing	The intervention group completed two-handed Russian KBSs using an interval training protocol outlined by Jay et al.10 involving 30 seconds of work followed by 30 seconds of rest for 10 total intervals. Prior to completing the intervention, participants completed a general warmup consisting of 10 non-weighted squats, 10 non-weighted dead-lifts, and 10 dowel rod shoulder flexion repetitions. Participants were instructed to perform all warm-up activities at an intensity of 70% of maximal effort using a Rate of Perceived Exertion scale(RPE).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Tensiomyography	Baseline, immediate after exercise, 24 hours after exercise	Research has progressed to support the test-retest and inter-rater reliability using TMG for measurement of muscle contraction. TMG demonstrates good to excellent relative reliability(0.80-0.99) and inter-rater ICC between 0.77-0.97 Across all five TMG parameters.4-7

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Central Florida; 🇺🇸 Orlando, Florida, United States