Can Surgical Approach Affect Post-operative Analgesic Requirements Following Laparoscopic Nephrectomy: Transperitoneal Versus Retroperitoneal? A Prospective Clinical Study
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Intervention
- Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
- Conditions
- Pain, Postoperative
- Sponsor
- Istanbul University
- Enrollment
- 40
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Total epidural analgesic consumption
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 10 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
Background: We performed this prospective clinical study to compare the post-operative recovery profile of our patients after transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy techniques. Our primary aim was to compare post-operative epidural analgesic consumption of transperitoneal (Group T) and retroperitoneal (Group R) laparoscopic nephrectomy patients within the first 24 hours.
Methods: Forty-four patients scheduled for elective transperitoneal or retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomies were enrolled. All patients in both groups received epidural catheter, 2.5ml test dose of lidocaine 2% and general anesthesia induction. At the end of the surgery, patients were given 1g IV paracetamol and 10ml 0.25% bupivacaine through epidural catheters and extubated. In the post-operative care unit, patients started to receive a continuous infusion of 0,1% bupivacaine and 1µg/ml fentanyl 5ml/h with patient-controlled boluses of an additional 4ml by a patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) device. They were prescribed IV tramadol 1mg/kg as a rescue analgesic (Visual analog scale (VAS)≥4). Total analgesic consumptions from PCEA devices, VAS scores at rest and during mobilization, heart rates (HRs), systolic (SBPs)/diastolic blood pressures (DBPs) at extubation (0th min-basal) and at post-operative 30th min, 2nd, 6th, 12th, 18th and 24th hours as well as number of patients who require rescue analgesic were recorded. Nausea, vomiting, time to first mobilization, return of bowel sounds and hospital stay were also documented.
Detailed Description
Background: We performed this prospective clinical study to compare the post-operative recovery profile of our patients after transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy techniques. Our primary aim was to compare post-operative epidural analgesic consumption of transperitoneal (Group T) and retroperitoneal (Group R) laparoscopic nephrectomy patients within the first 24 hours. Methods: Forty-four patients scheduled for elective transperitoneal or retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomies were enrolled. All patients in both groups received epidural catheter, 2.5ml test dose of lidocaine 2% and general anesthesia induction. At the end of the surgery, patients were given 1g IV paracetamol and 10ml 0.25% bupivacaine through epidural catheters and extubated. In the post-operative care unit, patients started to receive a continuous infusion of 0,1% bupivacaine and 1µg/ml fentanyl 5ml/h with patient-controlled boluses of an additional 4ml by a patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) device. They were prescribed IV tramadol 1mg/kg as a rescue analgesic (Visual analog scale (VAS)≥4). Total analgesic consumptions from PCEA devices, VAS scores at rest and during mobilization, heart rates (HRs), systolic (SBPs)/diastolic blood pressures (DBPs) at extubation (0th min-basal) and at post-operative 30th min, 2nd, 6th, 12th, 18th and 24th hours as well as number of patients who require rescue analgesic were recorded. Nausea, vomiting, time to first mobilization, return of bowel sounds and hospital stay were also documented. 0th and 30th min follow-ups were recorded in PACU and patients were passed on to ward nurses. Researchers who follow the patients at PACU and on the ward were all blinded to the surgical techniques.
Investigators
Meltem Savran Karadeniz
Attending Anesthesiologist
Istanbul University
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II
- •Scheduled for elective transperitoneal or retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
Exclusion Criteria
- •Serious heart or respiratory failure
- •Difficulty understanding the instructions for using the anesthetic infusion pump and/or pain scales
- •Contraindications to regional anesthesia (e.g., allergy to a local anesthetics, local infection, increased intracranial pressure and coagulopathy)
- •Significant neurologic disorders of the lower extremity
- •Psychiatric or cognitive disorders
- •History of substance abuse
- •Chronic opioid use
- •Patients having open nephrectomy
Arms & Interventions
Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
Patients in this group underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy in 45-60º modified flank position after receiving epidural catheter in the sitting position before the surgery.
Intervention: Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
Patients in this group underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy in lateral decubitis position after receiving epidural catheter in the sitting position before the surgery.
Intervention: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Total epidural analgesic consumption
Time Frame: up to 24 hours
Total epidural analgesic (bupivacaine and fentanyl) consumption from patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) devices
Secondary Outcomes
- Visual analog scale (VAS) scores(up to 24 hours)
- Number of patients who require rescue analgesic(up to 24 hours)
- Hemodynamic parameters(up to 24 hours)