Development of a System Dynamics Model for the Prediction of Acute Non-contact Lower Extremity Injuries in Team Sports
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 进行中（未招募）
- 入组人数
- 99
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Demographic, previous injuries, and sports characteristics
研究概览
简要总结
Despite the extensive research on prevention and prediction strategies, hamstrings strains injury (HSI) persists at a high rate in team sports and specifically in football. An initial injury increases the risk for re-injury and affects performance, whereas the financial cost for athletes and teams is crucial due to the time needed for appropriate rehabilitation. For that reason, it is critical to formulate better strategies in order to predict and prevent HSI. This study aims to develop a system dynamics (SD) model to evaluate HSI risk. First, a literature review will be carried out on the current approaches and identification of intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors of hamstrings strain injuries. Second, co-creation workshops based on the method of Group Modeling Building (GMB) will be applied to develop the SD for the HSI model. This co-creation process will involve stakeholders such as sports physiotherapists, doctors, and sports scientists. After creating the SD for HSI model, a one-year prospective cohort study will be performed to validate the model with real data and evaluate the ability of the model to predict HSIs. Sports teams will be invited to take part in the validation of the model. Multiple biomechanical parameters and other personal characteristics will be collected. Then, athletes will be monitored for the occurrence of injury and their exposure to injury risk during training and games. The factors' non-linear interaction will be assessed with the statistical method of structural equation modeling and factor analysis. In this way, the factors' interactions extracted for the qualitative phase of the study (group modeling building process) will be quantitatively evaluated. Validating the model with real data will provide a computer simulation platform to test plausible strategies for preventing hamstrings strain injuries prior to implementation and optimize intervention programs.
详细描述
Introduction
Appropriate hamstring muscle function is essential for the execution of most athletic activities. Muscle injuries, especially the hamstrings muscles, are among the injuries with the higher incidence in team sports. Specifically, muscle injuries constitute approximately one-third of all time-loss injuries in European football clubs, whereas injuries in the hamstrings muscle represent 12% of all injuries. Moreover, the financial impact of the one-month rehabilitation of a player with an HSI in a European team is equal to 500.000 euros. Recently, a systematic review examined 179 HSI's related risk factors and concluded that there is a need to explore these factors' complex and nonlinear interrelationship. Τhe utilization of complex systems computational methods in the sports injury field provides a valid insight into injury etiology and, consequently, a more effective injury prediction.
SD modeling and its application to health-related research has been rapidly increasing over the last few years. Examples of successful SD applications include the topics of obesity and diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular, and other chronic diseases in order to capture and better understand the complex etiology and the recovery of the concussion.
To sum up, the SD modeling method has proven to be an effective approach to deal with health system problems. However, to the investigators' knowledge, no study has been carried out using SD modeling in order to investigate the complex and dynamic nature of interaction among the factors that contribute to HSI.
Aim of the study
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 17 Years 至 40 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Male professional football and handball teams.
- •Healthy team sports athletes fully participating in the team's activities.
- •The athlete should be free of injury at the time of measurements or fully rehabilitated from a previous injury.
排除标准
- •Injured athlete at the time of pre-season measurements.
结局指标
主要结局
Demographic, previous injuries, and sports characteristics
时间窗: Pre season examination
Through questionnaire will be collected data such as age, sports, playing position, number of years in sports, level of competition, training volume of the previous season, Previous injuries, and details about previous injuries such as severity, time loss,
BMI
时间窗: Pre season examination
Weight (kg) and Height (cm) data will be collected to report BMI in kg/m\^2
Lower extremity strength measurements
时间窗: Pre season examination
Abductor, hamstrings, and quadriceps strength examination using a handheld dynamometer (mictofet 2, Hoggan scientific)
Lower extremity Flexibility and Range of motion measurement
时间窗: Pre season examination
The test that will be used to assess lower extremity flexibility and range of motion includes the passive knee extension test (Hamstrings flexibility), Modified Thomas test (Hip extension), Hip internal/external rotation in sitting position, and Weight bearing lung test (Ankle dorsiflexion). A goniometer and the bubble inclinometer will be used. All measurements will be expressed in degrees
Number of Acute Hamstring Strain Injuries of the participants
时间窗: up to 32 weeks
An acute hamstring strain injury, resulting from a specific event and producing at least 24 hours of time loss for training or game.
Single leg hamstring bridge (SLHB)
时间窗: Pre season examination
The hamstring endurance will be measured using the Single leg hamstring bridge (SLHB) test. The total number of repetition for each leg will be measured.
Single-leg triple hop for distance test
时间窗: Pre season examination
We will record asymmetries in distance between the dominant and non-dominant leg.
Anthropocentric variables
时间窗: Pre season examination
Leg length will be measured (cm) using a measuring tape from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the medial malleolus. The tibia length will be measured (cm) using a measuring tape to measure the distance between the lateral knee joint line to the distal aspect of the lateral malleolus minus.
Participants' core muscle endurance
时间窗: Pre season examination
For the examination of core muscle, endurance will be used the Prone Bridging Test for the assessment of the Abdominal muscle endurance, the Side Bridging Test for the assessment of lateral abdominal endurance, and the Biering-Sorensen test for the assessment of Back muscle endurance. The total time that the participant can hold the proper position for each specific test will be recorded.
次要结局
- Number of Acute lower extremity injuries of the participants(up to 32 weeks)
研究者
Nikolaos I. Liveris
Assistant researcher
University of Patras