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Diet and Hip Fracture Risk in the United Kingdom Women's Cohort

Completed
Conditions
Hip Fracture (First Incidence of)
Interventions
Other: Dietary pattern
Other: Fruit and vegetable intake
Other: Meat intake
Other: Fish intake
Other: Egg intake
Other: Dairy intake
Other: Tea intake
Other: Coffee intake
Other: Tea and coffee intake
Other: Protein intake
Other: Calcium intake
Other: Vitamin D intake
Registration Number
NCT05081466
Lead Sponsor
University of Leeds
Brief Summary

Hip fracture is a common serious injury in older women that reduces quality of life and can lead to premature death. In the United Kingdom, hip fractures are estimated to account for 1.5 million hospital bed days used per year due to long hospitalisation and rehabilitation periods post-surgery, costing the National Health Service over £1 billion per year. Diet can affect bone health and risk of hip fracture, with varying risks in women on specific diets, and specific foods and nutrients playing more important roles than others. Vegetarians may be at a greater risk of hip fracture than meat-eaters, and those who don't consume enough protein could be at a greater risk than those with adequate intakes. This research aims to investigate which dietary factors (and in what quantities) might predispose United Kingdom women to a greater risk of hip fracture, and which factors may be protective. The purpose of this study is to better understand the role of diet in reducing hip fracture risk in United Kingdom women. The research will use existing dietary and lifestyle data from the United Kingdom Women's Cohort Study and hospital records of hip fractures.

Detailed Description

Background: Hip fracture is an increasingly prevalent global health condition that increases morbidity and mortality. Previous observational studies have shown potential for risk reduction through diet modification, but associations between many dietary factors and hip fracture incidence are uncertain, and evidence in United Kingdom populations is limited. Therefore, this study aims to assess associations between diet and hip fracture incidence in the United Kingdom Women's Cohort.

Research plan and methods: The investigators will utilise dietary and lifestyle data from the United Kingdom Women's Cohort which recruited 35,372 middle-aged women between 1995-1998. This data has been linked with Hospital Episode Statistics to provide hip fracture data of participants.

Cox regression models will be applied to explore potential associations between dietary factors and hip fracture incidence. Dietary factors will be modelled both as categorical and continuous so that models can be fit comparing the risk of hip fracture between categories of intakes and per increment increase in exposure intake (linear dose-response). Cubic splines will be used to model non-linear associations for dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, tea, and coffee since previous research has suggested possible non-linear associations for these variables.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
35372
Inclusion Criteria
  • Female
  • Ages 35 - 69 years at time of recruitment
  • Able to provide informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Male
  • Not a resident of England
  • Unable to link dietary and lifestyle data with hospital episode data
  • Missing covariate data
  • Hip fracture or osteoporosis prevalence before or on the date of recruitment

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
United Kingdom Women's CohortEgg intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortProtein intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortFruit and vegetable intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortFish intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortDairy intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortVitamin D intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortDietary patternUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortMeat intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortCoffee intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortTea intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortTea and coffee intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
United Kingdom Women's CohortCalcium intakeUnited Kingdom Women's Cohort Study. No interventions are to be administered in this observational prospective cohort study.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Hip fracture incidence (first)age when the completed questionnaire was returned (1995-1998) until age at event, death, or end of study period (19 Mar 2019)

Incidence of first hip fracture ascertained from linkage to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Leeds

🇬🇧

Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom

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