Maternal Employment in Low and Middle-income Countries is Associated With Improved Infant and Young Child Feeding in Children
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 39,791
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Exclusive Breastfeeding
研究概览
简要总结
Using cross-sectional samples from over 40 Demographic and Health Surveys, the investigators studied the association between maternal employment and 3 indicators of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF): exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among children less than 6 months old (N=39,791) and minimum diet diversity (MDD) and minimum meal frequency (MMF) (N=137,208) among children 6 to 23 months old. Mothers were categorized as formally employed, informally employed, or non-employed. The investigators first used adjusted logistic regression models to assess the associations within each country. The investigators then used meta-analysis to pool associations across all countries and by region.
详细描述
Data Source and Population
The investigators analyzed cross-sectional data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). DHS surveys employ standardized questionnaires and nationally representative, multi-stage cluster sampling to allow for cross-country comparisons (34).
Our study included DHS datasets that were administered between 2010 and April 2017 and that contained data on women's employment status and indicators of IYCF. Analyses included women who had at least one child between ages 0-24 months. If mothers had more than one child, the investigators included the youngest child in the household. Children residing outside the household were excluded.
In models that evaluated MDD and MMF as the dependent variables, the final analytic sample included 137,208 children aged 6 to 23 months from 50 countries. Small cell sizes were prohibitive to exploring the employment-EBF associations in 10 countries that met the aforementioned inclusion criteria; therefore, when modeling EBF as the dependent variable, the final analytic sample included 39,791 children aged 0 to 5 months in 40 countries.
Primary Dependent Variables
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Ecologic Or Community
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 1 Month 至 24 Months（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Last born child, ages 1 to < 24 months
- •Child living with mother
排除标准
- •Complete data available for maternal employment, children's dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency data
- •Complete covariates available for maternal education, maternal age, marital status, parity, morbidity in the past 2 weeks, child age, and urban/rural status
结局指标
主要结局
Exclusive Breastfeeding
时间窗: 0 to 6 months
Prevalence odds of exclusive breastfeeding among children under 6 months
次要结局
- Minimum Dietary Diversity(6 to 23 months)
- Minimum Meal Frequency(6 to 23 months)
研究者
Scott Ickes
Assistant Professor
University of Washington