MedPath

Effects of Exosome Adminstration in Preventing Early Leakage in Rectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Low Anterior Resection

Phase 1
Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Rectal Cancer
Interventions
Biological: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes
Other: Placebo
Registration Number
NCT06536712
Lead Sponsor
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the safety and efficacy of Human Placenta Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes in preventing early anastomosis leak in patients undergoing low anterior resection for rectal cancer. The main question it aims to answer are

Do Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes prevent early anastomosis leak in patients undergoing low anterior resection for rectal cancer?

If there is a comparison group: Researchers will compare Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes to placebo to see if it can prevent early anastomotic leakage.

Participants will receive intraperitoneal Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes at the end of their surgery.

Detailed Description

Anastomotic leakage remains one of the most severe complications following colorectal surgery, leading to increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and reduced quality of life. Despite advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care, the incidence of early anastomotic leaks persists. Practical strategies to reduce this risk are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in enhancing tissue repair and modulating inflammation. These extracellular vesicles, derived from human placenta mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSC), contain bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNA that facilitate cellular communication and promote healing processes. Preclinical research suggests that exosomes can support anastomotic healing by reducing local inflammation.

This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intraperitoneal administration of hPMSC-derived exosomes in preventing early anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer. We hypothesize that the exosome treatment will significantly reduce the incidence of anastomotic leaks compared to placebo, thereby improving postoperative recovery and reducing hospital stay.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria

-Patients with Stage II-III rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and are candidates for low anterior resection surgery

Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients who need emergency surgery (presenting with peritonitis or signs of obstruction)
  • Patients with apparent malnutrition or patients who have serum albumin levels of less than 3 g/dl
  • Patients who receive corticosteroids ( an equivalent dose of prednisolone 5 mg/day or more)
  • Patients with chronic pulmonary disease
  • Patients who need more than two units of blood transfusion perioperatively

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived ExosomesMesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes10 patients in this arm will receive Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes at the end of their low anterior resection surgery
PlaceboPlacebo10 patients in this arm will receive placebo at the end of their low anterior resection surgery
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of patients with early anastomotic leakage1 month

Failed surgical anastomosis after surgery measured with interview and physical examinations in follow-up sessions in clinic

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Mean serum and peritoneal Interleukin-6 and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in participants1 month

The level of serum and peritoneal inflammatory markers in postoperative days measured with laboratory tests

Anastomosis integrity in Colonoscopy exam1 month

A colonoscopy will be conducted one month after surgery to assess the integrity of the colorectal anastomosis, detect early signs of local recurrence, identify polyps, and monitor for any postoperative complications such as strictures or inflammatory changes. Baseline colonoscopies will be compared with post-surgical colonoscopy at one month. This outcome will help determine the efficacy of surgical intervention and guide future surveillance strategies in rectal cancer management.

Hospitalization length of stay1 month

The number of days that the patient in hospitalized postoperatively

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

🇮🇷

Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath