Phase 3, Randomized Clinical Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir in Hepatitis B Virus Infected, s and e Antigen Positive, Pregnant Women to Prevent Perinatal Transmission Despite Infant Passive-active HBV Immunization.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 3 期
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 654
- 试验地点
- 17
- 主要终点
- Percentage of Infants With Hepatitis B Infection at 6 Months of Age
研究概览
简要总结
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is complicated by cirrhosis and liver cancer. In Thailand, 7% of adults are chronically infected by Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The risk of perinatal transmission of HBV is about 12% when a mother has a high HBV load in her plasma, even if her infant receive specific immunoglobulin and vaccine.
The hypothesis of this study is that a potent antiviral, tenofovir, can decrease HBV load in HBV infected pregnant women and therefore reduce the risk of perinatal transmission/ Pregnant women participating in this study will receive tenofovir or placebo during the last trimester of pregnancy and two months postpartum. The risk of perinatal transmission will be compared between the two groups.
The results of the study will help define policy to manage HBV infected pregnant women to prevent perinatal transmission.
详细描述
This is a phase III, placebo controlled, double blind, randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) given from 28 weeks' gestation until 2 months postpartum to pregnant women with Hepatitis B (HB) virus (HBV) chronic infection and positive for HB s and e antigen to prevent perinatal transmission of HBV to their infants. All infants will receive HBV passive (HB specific immunoglobulin) and active (vaccine) immunization.
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is complicated by cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the 10th leading cause of death worldwide.
In 2011, about 7% of adults in Thailand were HBsAg carriers. Infant hepatitis B (HB) immunization and HB immune globulin (HBIg) administered at birth effectively prevent most mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV. However, about 12% of mothers with high load of HBV transmit the virus to their infants, despite active and passive immunization.
Studies have suggested that antiviral treatment at the end of pregnancy and during early postpartum can reduce the risk of transmission to the child. A potential limitation to this approach is the risk of hepatic disease exacerbation following discontinuation of antiviral treatment postpartum, and this risk has not been properly evaluated. No randomized clinical trials have adequately demonstrated the efficacy and safety of maternal antiviral treatment the prevention of mother to child transmission of HBV. This is the reason why this approach is not currently recommended by the Associations for the Study of Liver Diseases.
We hypothesize that a potent antiviral, tenofovir, can decrease HBV viral load in HBV infected pregnant women and therefore reduce the risk of perinatal transmission, before infants are definitely protected by passive-active immunization. We also hypothesize that only moderate exacerbations of liver disease will be observed after discontinuation of a short antiviral course (5 months). While the primary objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of tenofovir versus placebo for the prevention of perinatal transmission, an important secondary objective is the assessment of the risk of postpartum hepatic disease exacerbation.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Pregnancy
- •At least 18 years of age
- •Negative Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) serology
- •Positive HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) tests
- •Gestational age of 28 weeks (+ or - 10 days) as determined by obstetrician
- •Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)≤30 U/L, confirmed ≤60 U/L on a subsequent blood draw
- •Agreeing to bring their infants at the planned study visits at one study site until one year after delivery and to inform the site investigators if they plan to move to another place and not be able to return to the clinic.
- •Understanding the need for adequate infant immunization and agreeing to the blood draws from their infants and the need for close follow up to manage possible exacerbation of hepatitis.
排除标准
- •History of tenofovir treatment at any time, or any other anti-HBV treatment during the current pregnancy
- •Creatinine clearance <50 ml/min, calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula
- •Dipstick proteinuria>1+ (>30 mg/dL) or normoglycemic glucosuria confirmed on two separate occasions
- •Positive serology for Hepatitis C infection less than 12 months prior to enrollment
- •Evidence of pre-existing fetal anomalies incompatible with life
- •Any concomitant condition or treatment that, in the view of the clinical site investigator, would contraindicate participation or satisfactory follow up in the study.
- •Concurrent participation in any other clinical trial without written agreement of the two study teams
研究组 & 干预措施
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, 300 mg tablets
干预措施: tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Drug)
Placebo
matching placebo (of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate)
干预措施: placebo (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
Percentage of Infants With Hepatitis B Infection at 6 Months of Age
时间窗: 6 months of age
Infection is defined as a HBsAg positive test confirmed by detectable HBV DNA
次要结局
- Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events(from enrollment (28 weeks' gestation) to 12 months postpartum)
- Percentage of Infants With Hepatitis B Infection at or After 6 Months Through 12 Months of Age(at or after 6 months through 12 months of age)
- Percentage of Participants With Flares After Study Treatment Interruption(Following planned discontinuation of study treatment up to 12 months postpartum)
- Weight, Height and Head Circumference for Age(assessed at 6 months and 12 months of age, 6 months reported)
研究者
GONZAGUE JOURDAIN
Chargé de recherches
Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement