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How to Predict Postoperative Complications After Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis: the Chole-Risk Score

Completed
Conditions
Cholecystitis, Acute
Interventions
Procedure: Early Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Registration Number
NCT04511910
Lead Sponsor
Fundación de Investigación Biomédica - Hospital Universitario de La Princesa
Brief Summary

Acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) is the most common complication of gallstone disease, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment. Several prospective studies have demonstrated that same-admission, early LC (ELC), for ACC is safe when compared with delayed LC (DLC). However, there is still controversy on the indication of ELC in high risk patients with important comorbidities, in cases of severe inflammation of the gallbladder and in patients with ACC and suspicious of a choledocholithiasis. The advantages of ELC in high risk patients with severe comorbidities have been recently questioned, with Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18) proposing an initial conservative management of this cases, assessing the benefit of ELC according to specified criteria. However, the recent CHOCOLATE trial, demonstrated the advantages of ELC over an initial conservative management. Performing an ELC for ACC can be a straightforward procedure for an on-call general surgeon or a very challenging procedure even for experienced hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) laparoscopic surgeon, depending on disease features, surgeons experience, centres volumes and resources available. Deciding whether the ELC should be performed by the on-call team or by HPB surgical team, or whether the operation should be delayed are still matter of debate in daily practice.

Several preoperative scores assessing the risk of difficult cholecystectomy have been proposed, but they were mainly focused on elective procedures and on risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy or other intraoperative complications. They did not asses the risk of post-operative complications in a subgroup of patients, for whom, indication to ELC by the on-call general surgeon is still questionable according to the more recent guidelines.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
1868
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with Acute calculous cholecystitis.
  • Consecutive patients undergoing early laparoscopic cholecystectomy between January 2013 and December 2018 during admission for the acute episode.
  • Minimum 30-day post-operative follow-up.
  • ASA ≤ 3.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Presence of another concomitant pathology of the bile duct (choledocholithiasis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, biliary peritonitis).
  • Aetiology other than cholelithiasis (amythiasis, malignancy).
  • Patients with severe sepsis, immunosuppression and pregnancy.
  • Additional abdominal surgical procedure.
  • ASA 4.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Early surgery Group 2Early Laparoscopic CholecystectomySurgery is performed between the fourth and seventh day
Early surgery Group 3Early Laparoscopic CholecystectomySurgery is performed more than 7 days from the onset of symptoms
Early surgery Group 1Early Laparoscopic CholecystectomyThe surgery is performed within the first 3 days
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of Participants with Biliary fistulaFor at least 30 postoperative days

Biliary fistula

Number of Participants with Kidney failure or dialysisFor at least 30 postoperative days

Kidney failure or dialysis

Increased post-operative complicationsFor at least 30 postoperative days

Patients who only developed Clavien-Dindo I-II complications were assigned to group 1 (G1), whereas groups 2 (G2) included patients with post-operative complications ≥ IIIa. Patients with post-operative LOS greater than 10 days and who required readmissions within 30 days from the discharge were also assigned to G2.

Number of Participants with Postoperative hemorrhagiaFor at least 30 postoperative days

Postoperative hemorrhagia

Number of Participants with JaundiceFor at least 30 postoperative days

Jaundice

Number of Participants with Cardiac insufficiencyFor at least 30 postoperative days

Cardiac insufficiency

Number of Participants with Heart infarctionFor at least 30 postoperative days

Heart infarction

Number of Participants with Respiratory insufficiencyFor at least 30 postoperative days

Respiratory insufficiency

Number of Participants with Pulmonary thromboembolismFor at least 30 postoperative days

Pulmonary thromboembolism

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (11)

Hospital de Cabueñes

🇪🇸

Gijón, Asturias, Spain

Hospital Universitario German Trias I Pujol

🇪🇸

Badalona, Barcelona, Spain

Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla

🇪🇸

Santander, Cantabria, Spain

Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias

🇪🇸

Alcalá De Henares, Madrid, Spain

Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Hospital Universitario de la Princesa

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Hospital Universitario Cruces

🇪🇸

Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain

Complejo Asistencial Universitario Salamanca

🇪🇸

Salamanca, Spain

Hospital Universitario La Paz

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío

🇪🇸

Sevilla, Spain

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