Gene Expression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Progress has been made in recent years in understanding the pathological mechanisms of IBD, particularly in the search of IBD susceptibility genes. However, due to the extreme complexity of the diseases, there is still a long way ahead in elucidating detailed molecular mechanisms of IBD pathogenesis and identifying more effective therapeutic targets. Therefore, it is the goal of this research study to discover genetic, microbial, gene expression and serological factors involved in the pathogenesis of IBD which may pave the way for the identification of more effective therapeutic targets.

The specific aims for these objectives are as follows:

AIM 1: Identify proteins that are changed in expression and post-translational modification in the intestinal mucosa of patients with active UC or CD compared to i) uninvolved intestinal mucosa from the same patients, ii) normal intestinal mucosa in control subjects, and iii) infectious/Inflammatory colitis (C. difficile colitis).

AIM 2: Identify changes in the expression of intestinal membrane transporters for Na absorption and Cl secretion, including NHE3, in the intestinal mucosa of patients with active UC or CD compared to i) uninvolved intestinal mucosa from the same patients, ii) normal intestinal mucosa in control subjects, and and iii) infectious/Inflammatory colitis (C. difficile colitis). The targeted screening will also include several intestinal epithelial brush border-associated PDZ-containing proteins that have been recently shown to regulate trafficking and activity of membrane transporters.

AIM 3: Enteroid Sub-study - To compare the physiologic regulation of Na absorption, Cl secretion, protein secretion and other intestinal physiologic processes in IBD cases, other infectious colitis cases and healthy controls as these processes are often altered with disease activities. The processes will be studied through the development of self-propagating culture models called organoids or enteroids. The culture models are developed from biopsy specimens taken from the upper small intestine, including duodenum and jejunum , lower small intestine (ileum) and proximal and distal colon and used to grow organoids/enteroids. These are mini-intestines that have the entire crypt villus axes which grow in culture and can be kept alive indefinitely in culture.