A Cross- Sectional study to evaluate the association of Yakkai Ilakkanam (Siddha Somatotype) among Bronchial Asthma patients (Swasakaasam) with Serum IgE reporting at NIS

The Siddha system of medicine is an ancient system of medicine developed by saints called Siddhars. The Siddha system of medicine has been in practice in the southern part of India for several centuries. It takes into account various physiological and scientific data that include age, sex, race, eightfold examination (Envagaithervu), geographical habitat (Ainthinai), weather and climatic variations (Pozhuthugal), body constitutions (Thega ilakkanam), etc., for the effective diagnosis and treatment of patients to eradicate their disease. Of these, Yakkai ilakkanam has a detailed description of the physique, physiological, and psychological characters of three dominant somatotypes (vatha thegi, pitha thegi, kabha thegi). Dhegi stands for nature of the body in terms of three humours and is determined at the time of  embryo formation. On behalf of this, Siddha classical literature Vaithiya Chindhamani (Sigitcha Rathna Deepam Part 2), emphasizes that a person of particular Yakkai ilakkanam is prone to a particular pattern of diseases. In that literature, Bronchial asthma comes under kabha thegi among the three humours. According to the text Yugi Vaithiya Chinthamani - 800, kasam classified into 12 types. “Swasa kaasam” is one among them which is correlated with Bronchial asthma in modern science. In 2019, Global Burden of Disease (GBD) collaborators estimated that over 260 million people globally had poorly controlled asthma (diagnosed asthma with wheezing within past 12 months) with a high count of disabilities and premature deaths across many low- and middle- income countries. The most substantial known risk factor is atopy, which is characterized by the genetic tendency to produce specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in response to common environmental allergens. Nearly one-third of children with atopy will develop asthma later in life. So, this study aims to analyze the possible association between yakkai ilakkanam and serum IgE among Bronchial asthma patients. This will be more helpful to provide specific diet regimen after assessed the inherent body features in an easier way.

Trail design: A Cross – Sectional Observational Study. Study Place is OPD & IPD National Institute of Siddha, Tambaram Sanatorium. Study Period: 18 Months. The sample size is 143 patients. Patients will be screened between the time period of 8.00 a.m. to 12.00 p.m. Patients satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be admitted to the trial. Informed consent will be obtained from the patients. The laboratory investigation especially Serum IgE level will be detected from all participants. The participants will be subjected to clinical assessment and diagnosis by thegi characterisation Questionnaire and the proportion of Yakkai Ilakkanam  among Bronchial asthma patients with elevated serum IgE attending NIS OPD and IPD will be described. The relationship between the Siddha diagnostic tools panchapatchi and Manikadai Nool with serum IgE among Bronchial asthma patients will be evaluated. The Naadi observed in the subjects will also be documented.