MedPath

Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccine in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients

Phase 2
Conditions
COVID-19 Vaccines
Immune System Tolerance
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT)
Interventions
Biological: Pasocovac vaccine
Registration Number
NCT05185817
Lead Sponsor
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Brief Summary

COVID-19 vaccinations are predicted to be a huge success in pandemic control. However, the majority of the studies were conducted on healthy individuals, and the efficiency of COVID-19 vaccination in post-transplant patients is uncertain. In the setting of HSCT, the extreme immunosuppression caused by the conditioning regimen and the graft versus host disease (GvHD) preventive regimen clearly has an impact on the efficacy and immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccine. Given the importance of eliciting early SARS-Cov-2 protective immunity in patients who are undergoing Allo-HSCT and the EBMT recommendation to endorse vaccination as early as 3 months after allo-HCT \[7\], we conduct this prospective study to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of three doses Pastucovac (an RBD-based SARS-Cov-2 vaccine) at the early post-transplant period in adult Iranian patients who are undergoing Allo-HSCT. We also want to see whether there are any possible predictors, such as the effect of clinical characteristics and lymphocyte subpopulations at the time of vaccination on the serologic response following immunization. The findings of this study will serve to guide future COVID-19 vaccination recommendations in this population, such as the optimal starting time, interval time, and so on.

Detailed Description

From the start of the study until the sample size of 100 patients is attained, all consecutive adult patients who are candidates for Allo-SCT at HORCSCT, sign a research project consent to administer SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with Pastucovac, and sign a permission to take pre-and post-vaccination blood samples for deposit to the research database, are enrolled in the study. At baseline (before conditioning) and day +30 post-transplant, peripheral blood samples are taken to test particular lymphocyte subpopulations and SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers.

All enrolled post-Allo-SCT participants who meet the inclusion criteria including; age ≥ 18 years, successfully engraftment with full donor chimerism, absence of grade 3,4 acute GvHD or severe extensive chronic GvHD, no receive more than 0.5 mg/kg prednisolone, and no positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19 following HSCT are recruited to study from 3 to 12 months after Allo-HSCT and vaccinated with 2 doses of Pastucovac, with a 4-week (±7 days) interval and a booster dose with an 8-week (±7 days) interval from the second dose. Peripheral blood samples are collected before the first dose of vaccine to assess certain immune reconstitution and SARS-CoV-2 IgG titer. The serologic response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S) is assessed in serum four weeks (± one week) after the first vaccine dose (before the second vaccine), four weeks (± one week) after the second dose, and four weeks (± one week) after the booster dose (third dose).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria

Age ≥ 18 years, successfully engraftment with full donor chimerism, absence of grade 3,4 acute GvHD or severe extensive chronic GvHD, no receive more than 0.5 mg/kg prednisolone, and no positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19 following HSCT

Exclusion Criteria

Patients who are not candidates for the COVID-19 vaccine after transplantation due to severe complications.

Patients who do not consent to vaccination after transplantation

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
vaccinePasocovac vaccinePatients who are a candidate for HSCT within the the Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center of Shariaty Hospital, and agree to be vaccinated with an approved vaccine against the COVID-19 virus.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Grade III-IV vaccine-related adverse reactions14 days after administration of each vaccine dose

Prevalence of reactogenicity, Serious Adverse Events (SAE), and Suspected Unexpected Serious Adverse Reaction (SUSAR)

Assessment of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness4 weeks (±7 days) post second COVID-19 vaccine

defined as a rising ≥ 4-fold in SARS-CoV-2 binding antibody titer compared to the pre-vaccine titer

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Incidence of Acute Graft versus host disease (GvHD)4-week (±7 days) after second and third (booster) dose of vaccine.

Measuring how the acute GvHD affect the response to the vaccine

seroconversion after second dose of vaccine4-week (±7 days) after second dose of vaccine.

defined as a rising ≥ 4-fold in SARS-CoV-2 binding antibody titer compared to the pre-vaccine titer in patients starting their vaccination course 6-12 months after HSCT.

seroconversion after third (booster) dose of vaccine4-week (±7 days) after third (booster) dose of vaccine.

defined as a rising ≥ 4-fold in SARS-CoV-2 binding antibody titer compared to the pre-vaccine titer

GvHD prophylactic strategy affect immunological response4-week (±7 days) after third (booster) dose of vaccine.

Measuring how early prophylactic immuno-suppression tapering affect the response to the vaccine

Incidence and severity of COVID-19 infections6 months following start of immunization

Determine incidence and severity of COVID-19 infections by 6 months following immunization with a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Correlation of seroconversion with patient characteristics4-week (±7 days) after second and third (booster) dose of vaccine.

Determine how the patients characteristics including age, sex, performance score, and underlying disease affect on seroconversion

Immune cells recovery predicting the response to the COVID-19 vaccine4-week (±7 days) after third (booster) dose of vaccine.

Measuring how early post HSCT Immune subsets reconstitution including T cells, NK cells, and B cells predict the seroconversion after second dose of vaccine.

seroconversion after first dose of vaccine4-week (±7 days) after first dose of vaccine.

defined as a rising ≥ 4-fold in SARS-CoV-2 binding antibody titer compared to the pre-vaccine titer

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center of shariaty Hospital

🇮🇷

Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath