A prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint evaluation (PROBE) parallel group study comparing edoxaban (DU-176b) with enoxaparin/warfarin followed by warfarin alone in subjects undergoing planned electrical cardioversion of nonvalvular atrial fibrillatio

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Completed

Sex: Not specified

Target Recruitment: 178

Inclusion Criteria

1. Signed ICF;
2. Male or female subjects older than the minimum legal adult age (country specific);
3. Ongoing AF lasting for at least 48 hours but * 12 months;
- Ongoing AF at the time of randomization should be confirmed by any electrical tracing (eg, routine 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor rhythm strip, intracardiac electrogram, or pacemaker) prior to randomization.
- Duration and proof of AF during the previous 12 months can be confirmed by any electrical tracing or a recording in the subject*s medical records (eg, medical chart, hospital discharge summary).
- Symptomatic subjects with no known history of AF and no prior electrical tracing or recording of/about the cardiac rhythm available for the past 12 months may be randomized into the study if there is reasonable belief that the current episode of AF lasts for at least 48 hours and no longer than 12 months.
4. Subject is planned for electrical cardioversion;
- Subjects with AF following a cardiac surgical procedure will be allowed in the study providing that they meet all the other inclusion criteria AND the time from the surgery to randomization is no less than 30 days. The Investigator will be responsible for assessment of risks relevant to the cardioversion procedure in such subjects.

Exclusion Criteria

1. AF considered to be of a transient or reversible nature (such as in myocarditis, post-surgery [unless the duration of AF post-cardiac surgery is >30 days, refer to inclusion criterion #4], ionic disturbances, thyrotoxicosis, pneumonia, severe anemia, etc);;2. Subjects with moderate or severe mitral stenosis, mitral valve rheumatic disease, unresected atrial myxoma, or a mechanical heart valve (subjects with bioprosthetic heart valves and/or valve repair can be included) and/or other conditions, such as PE, considered to be formal indication for conventional anticoagulation;;a. However subjects with AF and valvular heart diseases such as mitral valve prolapse, mitral valve regurgitation, and aortic valve disease are allowed in the study;;3. Subjects with a history of LAA closure (either by surgery or by a procedure);;4. Known presence of a thrombus in LAA, LA, left ventricle, aorta or intracardial mass;;5. Subjects with acute myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), or percutaneous coronary intervention within the previous 30 days or receiving DAPT regardless of when the event has occurred;;6. Subjects with any contraindication to anticoagulant agents;;7. Signs of bleeding or conditions associated with high risk of bleeding including major surgeries or biopsies in the last 10 days;;8. Subjects with conditions associated with high risk of bleeding such as past history of intracranial (spontaneous or traumatic), or spontaneous intraocular, spinal, retroperitoneal, or intra-articular bleeding; overt gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding or active ulcer within the previous year; recent severe trauma, major surgery, or deep organ biopsy within the previous 10 days; active infective endocarditis; uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure [BP] above 170/100 mmHg); or hemorrhagic disorder including known or suspected hereditary or acquired bleeding or coagulation disorder;;9. Subjects receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (eg, aspirin plus thienopyridine such as clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor) or anticipated to receive such therapy;;10. Subjects receiving prohibited concomitant medications (fibrinolytics, non-study anticoagulants other than those used as a bridge to/from study drug), chronic oral or parenteral Non-Aspirin/Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) use for * 4 days/week;;11. Subjects receiving chronic cyclosporine therapy;;12. Subjects with active liver disease or persistent (confirmed by repeat assessments at least a week apart) elevation of liver enzymes/bilirubin:
- ALT or AST * 3 x ULN;
- TBL * 2 x ULN (however, subjects whose elevated TBL is due to known Gilbert*s syndrome may be included in the study);;13. Subjects with renal failure (end stage renal disease, calculated CrCL < 15 mL/min);;14. Subjects with hemoglobin < 10 g/dL or platelet count < 100000 cells/mcL or white blood cell count < 3000 cells/mcL;;15. Subjects with pre-planned invasive procedures (other than routine endoscopy) or surgeries in which bleeding is anticipated during the study period;;16. Subjects who received any investigational drug or device within 30 days prior to randomization, or plan to receive such investigational therapy during the study period;;17. Women of childbearing potential without proper contraceptive measures, and women who are pregnant or breast feeding;Note: Childbearing potential without proper contraceptive measures (i.e., a method of contraception with a failure rate < 1 % during the course

Study & Design

Study Type: Interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>endpoints of stroke, systemic embolic event (SEE), myocardial infarction (MI)<br /><br>and cardiovascular (CV) mortality between the edoxaban group and the<br /><br>enoxaparin/warfarin group from randomization to end of follow up (FU).<br /><br><br /><br>endpoints of major and clinically-relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding between<br /><br>the edoxaban group and the enoxaparin/warfarin group from the first<br /><br>administration of study drug to end of treatment + 3 days.</p><br>

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>endpoints of stroke, SEE, MI, CV mortality and major bleedings between the<br /><br>edoxaban group and the enoxaparin/warfarin group from randomization to end of<br /><br>FU. </p><br>