Effect of Low Level Laser Versus Interferential Current on Postmenopausal Low Back Pain
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Sponsor
- Cairo University
- Enrollment
- 60
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Pain severity
Study Overview
Brief Summary
This study will be conducted to compare the effect of low-level laser and interferential current on postmenopausal low back pain.
Detailed Description
Low back pain (LBP) is a major health problem affecting majority of the people at some point of their life.The prevalence of postmenopausal LBP is 32.4%. It has major implication for quality of life, such as limitation of daily activities and physiological stress, being one of the main causes of work absenteeism.
The prolonged use of NSAIDs is associated with cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal problems. Therefore, there is a need for emphasis on alternative methods of conservative treatment as non-pharmacological and non-invasive therapy to relieve postmenopausal LBP.
Low level laser has been proven to have an impact on postmenopausal LBP, through several mechanisms as (a) increased endogenous opioid neurotransmitter production ;(b)raised threshold to thermal pain and enhanced local blood circulation ; (c)increased oxygen consumption by accelerating the redox reaction rate of the electron respiratory chain of mitochondria ; (d) increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production at the cellular level ;(e) increased production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Also, another non- invasive technique is the interferential current which is one of the existing electrotherapy treatments used to reduce pain and has been studied for its effectiveness in relieving LBP through its deeper penetration into the tissues.
So, this study will be conducted to provide new evidence and information about the efficacy of low-level laser versus interferential current on LBP in postmenopausal women
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 50 Years to 60 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- Female
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Sixty postmenopausal women (at least one year after stoppage menses).
- •Their age will be ranged from 50 to 60 years.
- •Their body mass index (BMI) will be less than 30 kg/m
- •All of them suffer from chronic low back pain (at least 3 months).
- •The score of pain will be 2 or more according to visual analogue scale (VAS).
Exclusion Criteria
- •Spinal fracture or any other neurological disorder.
- •Lumbar disc herniation, degenerative joint diseases, or spondylolisthesis.
- •BMI>30 kg/m2
- •Gynecological Diseases as Chronic pelvic pain or genital prolapse.
Arms & Interventions
Low level laser group
The participants will receive low level laser therapy and core stability exercises
Intervention: Low level laser therapy (Device)
Low level laser group
The participants will receive low level laser therapy and core stability exercises
Intervention: Core stability exercise (Other)
Interferential current group
The participants will receive interferential current and core stability exercises
Intervention: Interferential current (Device)
Interferential current group
The participants will receive interferential current and core stability exercises
Intervention: Core stability exercise (Other)
Core stability exercise group
The participants will perform core stability exercises only
Intervention: Core stability exercise (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Pain severity
Time Frame: 12 weeks
The intensity of postmenopausal low back pain will be assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for all participants in the three groups before and after treatment, which is a method of representing subjects' pain on a 10 cm linear scale. A score of 0 means " no pain" and 10 means " very high degree of pain
Lumbar flexion range of motion
Time Frame: 12 weeks
The modified Schober test will be used to measure the lumbar flexion range of motion (ROM) by using the tape measurement. Each participant will be asked to stand erect with her feet about shoulder-width apart to stabilize the pelvis. Then, the posterior superior iliac spines(PSIS) will be determined by the therapist's both thumbs, and then an ink line will be drawn along the midline of the lumbar spines horizontal to the PSIS to mark the midpoint between the two PSIS. Then tape will be used to identify and mark two points: one is 10 cm superior to the midpoint (A), and another is 5 cm inferior to the midpoint (B). The participant will be instructed to bend forward as much as she can while keeping both knees straight, the new distance between superior and inferior skin marking will be measured in centimeters. The increased distance along the tape due to lumbar flexion is normally about 6-7 cm (less than 5 cm should be considered abnormal).
Lumbar extension range of motion
Time Frame: 12 weeks
The modified Schober test will be used to measure the lumbar extension range of motion (ROM) by using the tape measurement while the patient is in a standing position. The participant will be instructed to put her hands on her buttocks and bend backward into full lumbar extension and the new distance between the superior and inferior skin markings will be measured in centimeters by the tape measurement. The change in the difference between the marks is used to indicate the amount of lumbar extension. The increased distance along the tape due to the extension of the lumbar spine is normally about 2-3 cm (less than 1cm should be considered abnormal).
Lumbar lateral flexion range of motion
Time Frame: 12 weeks
The participant will be asked to stand erect with her feet about shoulder-width apart. Both right and left lateral flexion will be measured by the tape as the distance from the tip of the index finger to the floor at maximal comfortable lateral flexion. The participant will be instructed to bend her trunk laterally as much as she can. The normal value of lateral spinal flexion is 16.2-28.0 cm.
Secondary Outcomes
- Functional disability(12 weeks)
Investigators
Ola Saad Ibrahim El-Naggar
Principal investigator
Cairo University