Clinical and dEmographic chaRacteristics of Patients With Frequent COPD Exacerbations and Evaluation of Therapeutic Approaches in Treatment in Moscow

To describe the baseline mean age of outpatients with COPD in Moscow.

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

1. Mean age (years) at inclusion, and proportion of patients within different age groups: 1. \<50 years; 2. 50-65 years; 3. \>65 years; 2. Mean age (years) at the primary COPD diagnosis;

To describe the baseline Demographic data characterisics of outpatients with COPD in Moscow.

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

3\. Proportion of men and women; 4. Proportion of patients with different educational status at inclusion: 1. Higher education; 2. Secondary special education; 3. Secondary general education.

To describe the baseline Negative lifestyle factors of outpatients with COPD in Moscow.

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

5\. Proportion of patients with different negative lifestyle factors at inclusion (evaluated at Visit 1 based on patient interview): a. Proportion of patients with history of smoking (former smokers) and current smokers - applicable for both tobacco and e-cigarettes (vapes) smokers; d. Proportion of patient with physical inactivity. 7. Proportion of overweight patients

To describe the baseline Anthropometry data characterisics of outpatients with COPD in Moscow.

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

6\. Mean body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) at inclusion (evaluated at Visit 1 or the most recent available value obtained within the previous 52 weeks if cannot be measured at Visit 1);

To describe the baseline mean smoking index .

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

5 b. applicable for former and current tobacco smokers;

To describe the baseline mean duration of smoking

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

5 c. applicable for former and current e cigarettes (vapes) smokers;

To describe a COPD clinical course of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

8\. Proportion of patients with different COPD severity based on GOLD classification at inclusion: 1. GOLD 2 (moderate); 2. GOLD 3 (severe); 3. GOLD 4 (very severe); 9. Proportion of patients who have experienced at least 1 moderate COPD exacerbation during 52 weeks prior to inclusion; 11. Proportion of patients who have experienced at least 1 severe COPD exacerbation during 52 weeks prior to inclusion; 12. Proportion of patients who have experienced different numbers of severe COPD exacerbations during 52 weeks prior to inclusion: a. 0 severe COPD exacerbations; b. 1 severe COPD exacerbation; c. 2 severe COPD exacerbations; d. ≥3 severe COPD exacerbations;

To describe a COPD exacerbation of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

10\. Annualized rate of moderate COPD exacerbations prior to inclusion 13. Annualized rate of severe COPD exacerbations prior to inclusion

To describe a severe COPD exacerbation of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

14\. Cumulative days of severe COPD exacerbations prior to inclusion

To describe a COPD drug therapy of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

15\. Proportion of patients receiving different classes of drugs for treatment of COPD (both maintenance therapy and exacerbation management) and their combinations (administered either as separate agents or as fixed combination) prior to inclusion: 1. Short-Acting β2-Adrenergic Agonist (SABA) alone; 2. ICS alone; 3. LABA alone; 4. LAMA alone; 5. LABA/LAMA; 6. ICS/LABA; 7. ICS/LAMA; 8. LABA/LAMA plus: a) Macrolide antibiotics; b) Systemic corticosteroids.

To describe a Spirometry parameters at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

16\. Mean pre-bronchodilator FEV1 at inclusion (the most recent available value obtained within the previous 52 weeks outside of an exacerbation); 17. Mean post-bronchodilator FEV1 at inclusion (the most recent available value obtained within the previous 52 weeks outside of an exacerbation); 18. Mean FVC at inclusion (the most recent available value obtained within the previous 52 weeks outside of an exacerbation);

To describe a FEV1 / FVC ratio at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

19\. Mean post-bronchodilator FEV1 / FVC ratio at inclusion (the most recent available value obtained within the previous 52 weeks outside of an exacerbation).

To describe Blood eosinophils count at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

20\. Mean blood eosinophils count (cells/μl) at inclusion (the most recent available value obtained within the previous 52 weeks); 21. Proportion of patients with different levels of blood eosinophils count at inclusion (based on the most recent available value obtained within the previous 52 weeks): 1. \<150 cells/μl; 2. 150-300 cells/μl; 3. ≥301 cells/μl.

To describe CAT questionnaire score at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

22\. Mean COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score at inclusion (evaluated at Visit 1 or the most recent available value obtained within the previous 6 weeks if evaluation at Visit 1 is not possible).

To describe Healthcare resource utilization of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

23\. Proportion of patients with healthcare resource utilization events during 52 weeks prior to inclusion: 1. Unscheduled outpatient visits due to COPD; 2. Emergency department visits / emergency calls due to COPD; 3. Hospitalizations: a) Any hospitalizations; b) COPD-related hospitalizations; c) Hospitalizations due to respiratory reason; d) Hospitalizations due to cardiovascular reason; e) Hospitalizations due to other reason; 24. Mean duration of COPD-related hospitalizations (days) during 52 weeks prior to inclusion; 25. Proportion of patients with COPD-related disability at inclusion: 1. Any disability; 2. I disability group; 3. II disability group; 4. III disability group

To describe COPD comorbidities at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

26\. Proportion of patients with different comorbidities at inclusion (diagnosed by study physician at Visit 1 or diagnosed at any time previously and recorded based on medical documentation or patient interview): 1. Heart failure 2. Ischemic heart disease 3. Myocardial infarction 4. Arrhythmia 5. Stroke 6. Arterial hypertension 7. Peripheral arterial disease 8. Diabetes mellitus (type I, type II) 9. Chronic kidney disease 10. Pulmonary hypertension 11. Pulmonary embolism 12. Another comorbidity 27. Proportion of patients with different types of arrythmia at inclusion (to be calculated in the subgroup of patients with any arrhythmia before or at Visit 1): a. Atrial fibrillation / atrial flutter; b. Ventricular arrhythmia; c. Another arrhythmia;

To describe COPD and Heart Failure comorbidity at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

28\. Proportion of patients with each HF phenotype based on left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) at inclusion (to be calculated in the subgroup of patients with any HF before or at Visit 1): 1. HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF); 2. HF with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF); 3. HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF);

To describe LVEF at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

29\. Mean and median LVEF (%) at inclusion (to be calculated in the subgroup of patients with any HF before or at Visit 1 and available data on LVEF based on echocardiography);

To describe COPD and Chronic Kidney Disease comorbidity at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

30\. Proportion of patients with each CKD stage based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at inclusion (to be calculated in the subgroup of patients with any CKD before or at Visit 1): 1. Stage C1 (eGFR ≥90 ml/min/1.73 m2); 2. Stage C2 (eGFR 89-60 ml/min/1.73 m2); 3. Stage C3a (eGFR 59-45 ml/min/1.73 m2); 4. Stage C3b (eGFR 44-30 ml/min/1.73 m2); 5. Stage C4 (eGFR 29-15 ml/min/1.73 m2); 6. Stage C5 (eGFR \<15 ml/min/1.73 m2);

To describe COPD and Arterial Hypertension (AH) comorbidity at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: 52 weeks of retrospective data before visit 1

31\. Proportion of patients with each AH degree at inclusion (to be evaluated in patients with AH diagnosed before or at Visit 1): 1. 1st degree of AH; 2. 2nd degree of AH; 3. 3rd degree of AH; 32. Proportion of patients with each AH stage at inclusion (to be evaluated in patients with AH diagnosed before or at Visit 1): a. Stage I; b. Stage II; c. Stage III; 33. Proportion of patients with risk category at inclusion (to be evaluated in patients with AH diagnosed before or at Visit 1): 1. Low risk; 2. Intermediate risk; 3. High risk; 4. Very high risk;

To describe blood pressure at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: at visit 1

34\. Mean office systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mmHg) measured at inclusion (in total population and by presence of AH diagnosed before or at Visit 1); 35. Mean office diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (mmHg) measured at inclusion (in total population and by presence of AH diagnosed before or at Visit 1);

To describe a treatment of comorbidities at baseline of outpatients with COPD in Moscow

时间窗: at visit 1

36\. Proportion of patients receiving different classes of medications used for treatment of comorbidities (to be evaluated in the subgroup of patients with at least one comorbidity specified above in paragraph #26)