In individuals with acute whiplash, is stress inoculation therapy and exercise more effective than exercise alone on pain and disability levels?

Griffith University0 个研究点目标入组 100 人开始时间: 2014年9月25日最近更新: 2020年1月13日

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•* Grade II or III whiplash of less than 4 weeks duration
•* Currently experiencing at least moderate pain related disability due to pain (NDI equals 28% as per the clinical prediction rule for progression to chronicity of symptoms);
•* Currently experiencing some level of arousal symptoms (equals 3 of the arousal subscale of the PDS as per the clinical prediction rule)
•* Not currently receiving care for whiplash.
•* Proficient in English

•* Known or suspected serious spinal pathology (e.g. metastatic disease of the spine)
•* Confirmed fracture or dislocation at time of injury (i.e. whiplash grade IV)
•* Spinal surgery in the past 12 months
•* Meeting the criteria for probable acute stress disorder (ASD) diagnosis on the Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS)
•* Screening positive for a current major depressive episode on the PHQ-9
•* A history of psychosis, bipolar disorder, organic brain disorder or severe depression

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