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Reducing Dysphagia Associated With Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery by Maintaining Low Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Deglutition Disorders
Interventions
Procedure: Maintaining a normal pressure in the ETT cuff
Procedure: Maintaining low (15mmHg) ETT cuff pressure
Registration Number
NCT00332683
Lead Sponsor
Lawson Health Research Institute
Brief Summary

Anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) is one of the most common procedures performed by spinal surgeons. It is associated with a 30-50% risk of developing swallowing difficulties (dysphagia). Although these difficulties usually improve within 6 months, for some it remains a significant and persistent problem.

We hypothesize that lowering the cuff pressure will lower the risk of injury to soft-tissues in the neck that are important to swallowing function. Our objective in this study is to demonstrate a lower occurrence of swallowing problems after anterior cervical spine surgery in patients with lower endotracheal tube cuff pressure during surgery.

Forty patients will be randomly assigned to a treatment group or control group. The treatment group will have the cuff pressure maintained at 15mmHg during the entire duration of the procedure. The control group will have the cuff pressure monitored without manipulation. After surgery soft-tissue swelling will be assessed on the five routine neck x-rays taken. In addition, 3 questionnaires completed before surgery and at each scheduled follow-up appointment will measure and track changes in swallowing over time and assess the impact of swallowing function on the patient's overall health. The results of this study may show that making a minor, inexpensive change during an operation may lower the risk of swallowing difficulties after a relatively common surgery.

Detailed Description

Post-operative dysphagia is a well-documented complication of anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) with an estimated risk of 30 - 50% that patients will experience some degree of post-operative swallowing dysfunction. While symptoms often subside within 6 months the impact of swallowing difficulties may be far reaching within the health-care system. Patients may be at risk of aspiration pneumonia and require swallowing assessments and modified diets. These measures necessitate a prolonged hospital stay. Patients may be prescribed anti-inflammatory medications and steroids which can inhibit bony fusion, which is an essential component of healing and ensuring spinal stability following ACSS.

The ultimate goal of this project is to determine the effect of minimizing ETT cuff pressure on the frequency of post-operative dysphagia following ACD. We believe that maintaining the ETT cuff pressure at 15mmHg will decrease the incidence of post-operative dysphagia - a direct benefit to the patients in the treatment group. Maintaining the ETT cuff pressure at 15mmHg would require no additional intra-operative equipment or modification to existing equipment. This intervention would not modify standard operative practice or pose additional risks to patients. As a result the cost-to-benefit ratio of this intervention may be substantially favourable to patients and the health care system.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
40
Inclusion Criteria
  • Between 21 and 65 years of age
  • Must be competent to give consent
  • Undergoing a first time anterior cervical discectomy (ACD) with instrumentation to remove pressure from the nerve roots caused by bone spurs or herniated disc material which is documented by a diagnostic procedure (CT and/or MRI)*.
  • Ability and willingness to participate in routine follow-up at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months following surgery*.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Previous anterior neck surgery
  • Anterior neck malignancy
  • Tracheostomy.
  • Previous treatment for dysphagia
  • Pregnancy
  • Women of childbearing potential who are not using an effective method of contraception.
  • Medical comorbidities (e.g. significant renal or hepatic disease) which, in the investigator's opinion, may interfere with the patient's suitability and participation in the study.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
ControlMaintaining a normal pressure in the ETT cuffPatients randomly assigned to this group will have no changes in the ETT during surgery
Treatment groupMaintaining low (15mmHg) ETT cuff pressurePatients in this group will undergo same surgery as control group but with a monitoring and manipulation of ETT pressure
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Severity of dysphagiapre-operatively and at 24hrs, 6wks, 3mons and 6mons following surgery
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Overall health scorepre-operatively and at 24hrs, 6wks, 3mons and 6mons following surgery
Percentage change in anterior cervical soft-tissue thickness on plain lateral radiographspre-operatively and at 24hrs, 6wks, 3mons and 6mons following surgery
Cost-effectiveness6mons after surgery

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

London Health Sciences Center, University Campus

🇨🇦

London, Ontario, Canada

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