Effects of Polarized and Pyramidal Training Models Combined With or Without Mindfulness on Running Time, Performance Variables, and Body Composition in Amateur Long-distance Runners. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Enrollment
- 39
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Change in 10 km race time
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Road running in athletics has grown worldwide in recent years, which has led to an increase in the number of recreational runners. Despite this growth, research addressing this population is scarce, with major limitations and methodological weaknesses. Two of the topics of recent interest in runners are the effects of training intensity distribution (TID) and mental training using mindfulness on running time, body composition and physiological parameters related to performance in endurance sports; the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and ventilatory thresholds (VT).
The scarce evidence found identifies the TID polarized model as the most effective in sports performance and TID pyramidal model as the most used by elite runners. For mindfulness, it is identified as an emerging program that could contribute to performance in endurance sports.
Detailed Description
40 recreational long-distance runners will be randomly assigned into one of the following 4 TID models groups: polarized TID model group with mindfulness program (POL+), polarized TID model group without mindfulness program (POL-), pyramidal TID model group with mindfulness program (PYR+) and pyramidal TID model group without mindfulness program (PYR-). Each group will be composed of 10 subjects. The interventions will have a duration of 12 weeks.
All participants will have evaluation of 10 km running time, body composition and physiological parameters (VO2max, MAS and VT's 1 and 2) at week 0 and 13 of the study.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 25 Years to 50 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Amateur long-distance runners
- •Running time of 10 km in Bogotá, Colombia or similar altitude (2600 m above sea level) for men between 45 and 60 minutes, and for women between 50 and 65 minutes.
Exclusion Criteria
- •History of cardiovascular disease.
- •Arrhythmias.
- •Cardiac insufficiencies.
- •Hypertension.
- •Musculoskeletal problems that affect their participation in the training program.
Arms & Interventions
Pyramidal training Intensity distribution model without mindfulness program
The TID of the entire training program will be zone 1 (80%), zone 2 (5%), zone 3 (15%).
The periodization of the training will be performed in a 3:1 load-recovery cycle, that is, three weeks of load for one week of recovery, this cycle will be repeated 3 times to complete the 12 weeks. The running sessions will have a volume in the load weeks as follows: The first week a volume of 5 hours, the second week 5.5 hours and the third week 6 hours. In the recovery week the volume will be 4 hours. As for the running technique and strength, these will have a weekly volume of 30 min and 1 hour respectively during all 12 weeks.
In summary:
60 running sessions 24 strength sessions 24 running technique sessions
Intervention: Pyramidal training intensity distribution (TID) without mindfulness (Behavioral)
Polarized training Intensity distribution model without mindfulness program
The TID of the entire training program will be zone 1 (80%), zone 2 (5%), zone 3 (15%).
The periodization of the training will be performed in a 3:1 load-recovery cycle, that is, three weeks of load for one week of recovery, this cycle will be repeated 3 times to complete the 12 weeks. The running sessions will have a volume in the load weeks as follows: The first week a volume of 5 hours, the second week 5.5 hours and the third week 6 hours. In the recovery week the volume will be 4 hours. As for the running technique and strength, these will have a weekly volume of 30 min and 1 hour respectively during all 12 weeks.
In summary:
60 running sessions 24 strength sessions 24 running technique sessions
Intervention: Polarized training intensity distribution (TID) without mindfulness (Behavioral)
Polarized training Intensity distribution model with mindfulness program
The TID of the entire training program will be zone 1 (80%), zone 2 (5%), zone 3 (15%).
The periodization of the training will be performed in a 3:1 load-recovery cycle, that is, three weeks of load for one week of recovery, this cycle will be repeated 3 times to complete the 12 weeks. The running sessions will have a volume in the load weeks as follows: The first week a volume of 5 hours, the second week 5.5 hours and the third week 6 hours. In the recovery week the volume will be 4 hours. As for the running technique, strength and mindfulness these will have a weekly volume of 30 min, 1 hour and 65 min respectively during all 12 weeks.
The weekly mindfulness practice will be done in 4 different types of sessions: (life-meditation, jogging-meditation, stretching-meditation, running-meditation).
In summary:
60 running sessions 60 mindfulness sessions 24 strength sessions 24 running technique sessions
Intervention: Polarized training intensity distribution (TID) and mental training using mindfulness (Behavioral)
Pyramidal training Intensity distribution model with mindfulness program
The TID of the entire training program will be zone 1 (80%), zone 2 (15%), zone 3 (5%).
The periodization of the training will be performed in a 3:1 load-recovery cycle, that is, three weeks of load for one week of recovery, this cycle will be repeated 3 times to complete the 12 weeks. The running sessions will have a volume in the load weeks as follows: The first week a volume of 5 hours, the second week 5.5 hours and the third week 6 hours. In the recovery week the volume will be 4 hours. As for the running technique, strength and mindfulness these will have a weekly volume of 30 min, 1 hour and 65 min respectively during all 12 weeks.
The weekly mindfulness practice will be done in 4 different types of sessions: (life-meditation, jogging-meditation, stretching-meditation, running-meditation).
In summary:
60 running sessions 60 mindfulness sessions 24 strength sessions 24 running technique sessions
Intervention: Pyramidal training intensity distribution (TID) and mental training using mindfulness (Behavioral)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change in 10 km race time
Time Frame: Week 0 and 13
The time in the 10 km will be taken by two evaluators with independent stopwatches, and the average of them will be taken as the official time. The test will take place in a 1257 m loop, with a positive difference in altitude of 5 m.
Secondary Outcomes
- Change in VO2max(Week 0 and 13)
- Change in ventilatory threshold 1(Week 0 and 13)
- Change in body fat(Week 0 and 13)
- Change in muscle mass(Week 0 and 13)
- Change in ventilatory threshold 2(Week 0 and 13)
- Change in maximal aerobic speed(Week 0 and 13)
- Change in body weight(Week 0 and 13)
Investigators
Victor Hugo Arboleda Serna
Principal Investigator
Universidad de Antioquia