Evaluation of the Cognitive and Socioemotional Impact of a Musical Intervention in Older Adults
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Cognitive performance - Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
研究概览
简要总结
Currently, the world is facing the challenge of population aging. At this stage of life, various deteriorations, such as cognitive decline, begin to appear, significantly impairing the quality of life. Therefore, it is imperative to seek interventions that can positively impact the life trajectory of older adults. While the cognitive benefits of musical interventions for children and young people are well-documented, there is a lack of evidence regarding their effects on the cognitive and socioemotional well-being of institutionalized older adults.
To address this, the investigators will conduct a non-randomized clinical trial at Fundación Las Rosas, which operates various homes for the elderly. The trial will involve two groups: a control group and an experimental group. The control group will attend concerts held within the care facility, while the experimental group will participate in a music workshop once a week for three months.
To evaluate the outcomes, cognitive and socioemotional assessments will be conducted at three points: prior to the musical intervention (baseline), at the end of the intervention period, and one month after the interventions conclude (follow-up). The results will provide valuable insights to support the development and implementation of cost-effective non-pharmacological interventions, specifically musical interventions, to promote well-being in older adults by demonstrating their applicability and effectiveness within the national context. By assessing the intervention's impact on both cognitive and socioemotional dimensions, this study will also contribute to a deeper understanding of how these skills can be developed and promoted among older adults.
详细描述
The world is facing a gradual aging of the population. It is estimated that in the coming years, people over 60 years old will outnumber children under 10 years old, and by 2050, the population over 60 will surpass adolescents and young adults worldwide. Additionally, the population of those over 80 years old is expected to triple by 2050. Chile is also following this global trend. This reality underscores the need to understand how to ensure well-being during this life stage is not diminished by natural aging processes and their context, such as cognitive decline or the weakening of socioemotional well-being.
Music has been a form of expression accompanying humans since ancient times. It is a powerful generator of emotions , evocative of memories, and a creator of social cohesion. Importantly, it has shown positive effects on both cognitive and socioemotional aspects when musical interventions are implemented in older adults, in both clinical cases and typical aging. Active musical interventions include activities such as singing, playing an instrument, and/or moving to the rhythm of the music. The success of these interventions is proposed to be due to their requirements for multisensory integration, cognitive demands, promotion of social interaction and bond formation, perception as enjoyable and entertaining, and inherent motivational qualities that evoke positive emotions. These types of interventions could be highly relevant in the national context, for example, for the "Active Aging" program of the National Service for the Elderly (SENAMA) of the Ministry of Social Development and Family, which seeks to have self-sufficient older adults participate in activities that promote active aging, as well as for the National Comprehensive Health Plan for Older Adults, which proposes a series of actions framed, among other things, in the prevention of health problems. Therefore, it is urgent to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions in our sociocultural context, particularly in nursing homes where residents often lack an extended network to care for them, making these interventions particularly important for those in vulnerable situations, and where such interventions have shown positive impacts.
This study proposes to evaluate the impact on both cognitive and socioemotional dimensions of a musical intervention in institutionalized older adults. Importantly, a study is proposed in which the participating institutions will be randomized to either the intervention group, where older adults will receive the musical intervention, or the control group, where they will not receive the intervention, following current recommendations for evaluating the impact of musical interventions in prevention and rehabilitation contexts. Evaluations of cognitive functions and socioemotional well-being will be conducted at three time points for both groups: baseline pre-intervention, post-intervention immediately after the intervention concludes, and follow-up one month after the intervention concludes. This design will elucidate the effect of the musical intervention on older adults and the persistence of these changes. The results of this study will be a starting point to promote research on musical interventions focused on the well-being of the older population in Chile. Additionally, they will allow applications for funding to continue investigating the most effective forms of intervention for this age group and understanding the mechanisms by which these interventions act, for example, using neurobiological activity measurement techniques from neuroscience.
General Aim
To evaluate the impact on cognitive and socioemotional dimensions of a musical intervention in older adults residing in a nursing home.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Non Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 65 Years 至 —（Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Older adults residing in a protected residence.
- •Consent to participate in the study.
排除标准
- •Physical or cognitive impairments that prevent participation in musical intervention activities.
- •Mild cognitive impairment determined by the GDS-3 scale, reported by the residence therapists.
结局指标
主要结局
Cognitive performance - Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
时间窗: These assessments will be administered three times: 1) at baseline, prior to the musical intervention; 2) immediately after the intervention concludes; and 3) follow up, one month after the intervention concludes.
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). This is a screening test that provides a comprehensive evaluation of global cognition and various cognitive functions. Values range from 0 - 30, with a higher score meaning a better outcome.
Cognitive performance - Phototest
时间窗: These assessments will be administered three times: 1) at baseline, prior to the musical intervention; 2) immediately after the intervention concludes; and 3) follow up, one month after the intervention concludes.
Phototest. A brief cognitive screening test applicable to illiterate people that through the recognition and naming of images of everyday objects offers insights into facilitated memory, denomination and verbal fluency. It can be used for the detection of cognitive impairment and dementia. Values range from 0 on, because the maximum value depends on how many objects the person recognizes or names. Higher scores mean a better outcome, and a score of 28 or less is an indicator of cognitive decline.
Cognitive performance - Test of Executive Functions Free from Schooling Bias (TELE)
时间窗: These assessments will be administered three times: 1) at baseline, prior to the musical intervention; 2) immediately after the intervention concludes; and 3) follow up, one month after the intervention concludes.
Test of Executive Functions Free from Schooling Bias (TELE, Test de funciones Ejecutivas Libre de sesgo por Escolaridad). The TELE consists of an executive function evaluation task that screens inhibitory control, sustained attention, verbal working memory and processing speed. Values range from 0 - 12, where higher scores mean a better outcome.
Socioemotional performance - UCLA Loneliness Scale
时间窗: These assessments will be administered three times: 1) at baseline, prior to the musical intervention; 2) immediately after the intervention concludes; and 3) follow up, one month after the intervention concludes.
University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA Loneliness Scale). A scale to detect the feeling of loneliness through 10 questions that score between 1 and 4 points, allowing a minimum score of 10 and a maximum of 40. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Socioemotional performance - Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
时间窗: These assessments will be administered three times: 1) at baseline, prior to the musical intervention; 2) immediately after the intervention concludes; and 3) follow up, one month after the intervention concludes.
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). This is a self-report instrument composed of 30 items that measure the presence of depressive symptomatology through direct questions, 20 of which measure the presence of symptoms ("Do you feel that your life is empty?"), while 10 are considered inverse items ("Are you basically satisfied with your life?"). It is a dichotomous scale in which the respondent answers yes or no. The scores range from 0 - 30, where high scores indicate a worse outcome, suggesting high risks of depression.
次要结局
- Functionality performance - Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADLQ)(These assessments will be administered three times: 1) at baseline, prior to the musical intervention; 2) immediately after the intervention concludes; and 3) follow up, one month after the intervention concludes.)
研究者
Leonie Kausel
Principal Investigator
University Diego Portales