Retrospective Study for the Characterization of the Intestinal Microbiota in Association With Pathologies and Diet in the Italian Population

The microbiota interacts with several human organs and influences the physiological process in the host. The predominant Phyla of species in the gut microbiota are Bacteroidetes (B) and Firmicutes (F), accounting for 60-80%, and Proteobacteria (P) and Actinobacteria (A) in minority. When some of the bacterial Phyla species are unbalanced, the pathological state of dysbiosis occurs. A laboratory index used for clinical analyzes is the F / B ratio <0.8, which characterizes an intestinal dysbiotic state.

Many causes can affect the intestinal microbiota, thus altering it in a dysbiotic state, first of all the diet. In fact, dysbiosis can be characterized both by the severity with which it manifests itself and is also distinguished in putrefactive and fermentative dysbiosis.

Furthermore, the variation in the "normal" percentages of the Phyla is also related to some pathological alterations.

The aim of this study will be to monitor the population and heterogeneity of the microbiota in the Italian population. Knowing the complex implications of dysbiosis and the extensive data on it, this study will want to detail the state of the gut microbiota in the previously indicated population, focusing attention on peculiar profiles that could reflect a pathogenic spectrum or metabolic disturbances.

The study aims to investigate the diffusion and state of the microbiota in the Italian territory and if it occurs in association with certain pathologies and / or diet.