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Post-COVID-Health Study: Multidimensional Health Status of COVID-19 Survivors One Year After a SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Terminated
Conditions
Covid19
Registration Number
NCT04794985
Lead Sponsor
Maastricht University Medical Center
Brief Summary

This study assesses the multidimensional health status of COVID-19 survivors one-year post-infection using validated subjective and objective measures.

Detailed Description

Rationale: Within the Netherlands, more than 1 million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19. Although the mortality rate is considerable, the vast majority of COVID-19 patients survive the infection. Preliminary findings show that a majority of COVID-19 survivors still experience health problems 3 months after the infection, including reduced lung diffusion capacity, low exercise capacity, muscle weakness, mental problems and reduced cognitive function resulting in a generally poor health status. Whether these health consequences persist on the long-term is unknown.

Objective: To assess the multidimensional health status of COVID-19 survivors one-year post-infection using validated subjective and objective measures.

Study design: A multicenter prospective observational study performed within the MUMC+ and VieCuri Medical Center.

Study population: 200 COVID-19 survivors of the MUMC+, VieCuri Medical Center or Zuyderland Medical Center, both hospitalized (ICU and non-ICU admitted) as well as non-hospitalized patients.

Main study parameters/endpoints: Outcome parameters include objectively and subjectively measured multidimensional health outcomes including physiological and metabolic health, physical capability, cognitive function, psychosocial well-being, social well-being, patient reported outcomes as well as potential determinants of these multidimensional health outcomes (e.g. treatment during/after SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination, comorbidities, medication use etc.). Outcomes will be measured during a one-day study visit.

Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: Subjects will benefit from participating within this study, because their general health will be evaluated in detail and from a multidimensional perspective. Furthermore, subjects will be informed on their multidimensional health outcomes and will receive a lifestyle advice tailored to their health status. Risks and inconveniences are limited to the time investment associated with the completion of the questionnaires and the study visit. During the study visit various non-invasive measurements as well as minor invasive blood sampling will be performed.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
TERMINATED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
140
Inclusion Criteria
  • COVID-19 positive based on:

    • Confirmed RT-PCR;
    • Proven serology for SARS-COV-2 with clearly associated complaints for a SARS-COV-2 infection;
    • CO-RADS score of 4 or more with a proven serology for SARS-CoV-2 afterwards.
  • Age of ≥18 years;

  • Able to provide informed consent;

  • Understanding of Dutch language.

Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients not willing to participate;
  • Investigator's uncertainty about the willingness or ability of the patient to comply with the protocol requirements.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Fat free mass by dual-energy X-ray (DEXA)-scan1 year post-infection

Total fat free mass will be measured using a DEXA-scan.

Lean mass by dual-energy X-ray (DEXA)-scan1 year post-infection

Total lean mass will be determined using a DEXA-scan.

Vertebral fracture assessment by dual-energy X-ray (DEXA-scan)1 year post-infection

Vertebral fracture assessment will be determined using a DEXA-scan.

Adipose tissue cross sectional area on chest CT-scan1 year post-infection

Muscle cross sectional area will be determined based on pre-established Hounsfield Units on the chest CT-scan.

Fasting glucose levels1 year post-infection

Fasting glucose levels will be determined in sampled blood as part of the cardiometabolic profile to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.

Upper extremity muscle strength by measuring handgrip strength1 year post-infection

A hydraulic grip strength dynamometer will be used to measure the maximal handgrip strength.

Dietary intake by a food diary1 year post-infection

A 3-day food diary will be used to investigate the dietary intake.

The Perceived stress scale (PSS) to determine stress levels1 year post-infection

The PSS will retrieve a total score of 0-40 in which lower scores indicate higher stress levels.

Lung function measured with spirometry1 year post-infection

Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry will be performed to determine forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1).

Diffusion capacity measured with the single breath method1 year post-infection

To determine diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide

(Persistent) lung damage1 year post-infection

To determine lung damage a chest CT-scan will be obtained. To evaluate whether lung damage is persistent, scans will be compared to scans obtained during COVID-19 screening or COVID-19 after care.

Bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray (DEXA)-scan1 year post-infection

Total bone mineral density (BMD) as well as BMD of the lumbar spine and total hip-neck will be determined using a DEXA-scan.

Muscle cross sectional area on chest CT-scan1 year post-infection

Muscle cross sectional area will be determined based on pre-established Hounsfield Units on the chest CT-scan.

Weight will be measured on a weighing scale1 year post-infection

Weight will be measured on a weighing scale.

Fasted resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry (ventilated hood)1 year post-infection

VO2 and VCO2 will be measured to determine energy expenditure.

Waist circumference1 year post-infection

Waist circumference will be measured as part of the cardiometabolic profile to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.

Cognitive function by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)1 year post-infection

The MOCA will lead to a total score of 0-30, in which lower scores indicate less cognitive function.

Smell by the Sniffing Sticks treshold test1 year post-infection

The average of the last four reversal points is used as final threshold score.

Taste and smell function using the taste and smell function questionnaire1 year post-infection

The questionnaire will retrieve a maximal score of 0-52 and 0-44 for taste and smell, respectively, in which higher scores indicate problems with taste and smell function.

Sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)1 year post-infection

The total PSQI score will vary between 0-21 in which higher scores indicate poor sleep quality.

Fat mass by dual-energy X-ray (DEXA)-scan1 year post-infection

Total fat mass and fat percentage as well as visceral fat mass will be measured using a DEXA-scan.

Height will be measured using a stadiometer1 year post-infection

Height will be measured using a stadiometer.

Body mass index (BMI) will be calculated from the weight and height1 year post-infection

Weight and height will be combined to report BMI in (kg/m\^2)

Resting blood pressure1 year post-infection

Resting diastolic and systolic blood pressure will be measured as part of the cardiometabolic profile to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.

Six minute walking test to determine exercise capacity1 year post-infection

Six minute walking distance will be determined.

Maximal heart rate during cardiopulmonary cycling exercise test (CPET)1 year post-infection

Maximal heart will be measured during the CPET.

Respiratory muscle strength by mouth pressure1 year post-infection

Inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressure will be measured.

Lower extremity muscle strength by measuring isometric muscle strength1 year post-infection

Maximal isometric upper leg muscle strength will be measured of the quadriceps muscle using a Biodex dynamometer.

Mobility using the short physical performance battery (SPPB)1 year post-infection

The SPPB consists of three types of physical maneuvers: the balance test, the gait speed test and the chair stand test leading to a score of 0-12. Lower scores indicate less mobility.

Physical activity level by accelerometry1 year post-infection

An accelerometer will be worn for 7 days to determine physical activity level.

The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) to determine anxiety and depression levels1 year post-infection

The HADS will retrieve a total score of 0-21 in which lower levels indicate higher levels of anxiety or depression.

Subjective multidimensional health status by euroqol-5 dimensions1 year post-infection

The EQ-5D consists of 5 domains (mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) and a visual analogue scale.

Dyspnea using the modified medical research council (mMRC)1 year post-infection

The mMRC will retrieve a total score of 0-5 in which higher levels indicate more dyspnea.

Fasted lipid profile1 year post-infection

Fasted high-density, low-density and total lipoprotein levels (HDL and LDL) as well as triglycerides will be measured as part of the cardiometabolic profile to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.

Taste using the taste strips 'filter paper disc method' test1 year post-infection

A maximum score of 16 correct taste detections can be retrieved indication good taste function.

Perceived social support using the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS)1 year post-infection

A total score of 12-84 can be retrieved in which lower scores indicate lower levels of social support.

Loneliness using the loneliness scale (LS)1 year post-infection

The LS will retrieve a total score of 0-11 in which higher scores indicate strong loneliness.

Fatigue using the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS)1 year post-infection

The CIS will retrieve a total score of 20-140 in which higher scores indicate more fatigue.

General pain using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)1 year post-infection

A total score of 0-100 will be retrieved in which higher scores indicate more pain.

Peak work rate by cardiopulmonary cycling exercise test (CPET)1 year post-infection

Maximal work rate (W) will be determined during the CPET

Peak O2-consumption and CO2-production by cardiopulmonary cycling exercise test (CPET)1 year post-infection

Maximal O2 consumption and CO2 production will be determined during the CPET.

Cognitive function using the cognitive failure questionnaire (CFQ)1 year post-infection

The CFQ will lead to a total score of 0-100. A higher total score indicates more subjective cognitive failure. Additionally, four subscales can be identified, related to distraction, distraction in social situations, names and words and orientation.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Medical history1 year post-infection

Retrieved from medical records and self-report

Vaccination for COVID-191 year post-infection

Retrieved from medical records and self-report

Medication use1 year post-infection

Retrieved from medical records and self-report

Treatments/therapies after SARS-CoV-2 infection1 year post-infection

Retrieved from medical records and self-report

Re-infection with COVID-191 year post-infection

Retrieved from medical records and self-report

Trial Locations

Locations (3)

Zuyderland Medical Center

🇳🇱

Heerlen, Netherlands

Maastricht University Medical Center

🇳🇱

Maastricht, Netherlands

VieCuri Medical Center

🇳🇱

Venlo, Netherlands

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