Pii Ngima: Consequences of Water Insecurity for Maternal and Child Health

Completed

• Conditions: HIV; Maternal and Child Health

• Registration Number: NCT02979418
• Lead Sponsor: Northwestern University

Brief Summary

This study will implement the validated household-level water insecurity scale developed by study investigators among a cohort of postpartum women in Nyanza, Kenya and will assess a range of outcomes linked to water insecurity, such as viral load, hydration status, maternal depression, stress, food insecurity, and cognitive development.

Detailed Description

This study will develop the first well-known household water insecurity scale. Currently, water insecurity cannot be measured at the level of the household or individual, i.e. at the endpoint of water use. Although there are myriad national, regional, community, and hydrological indexes of water availability, to the investigators' knowledge, there is no way of measuring water access at the household or individual levels. Without a comprehensive, validated scale to measure household water insecurity, the scientific, programmatic, and public health communities cannot empirically test the prevalence of household water insecurity access and its potential impacts on economic, nutrition, disease, and psychosocial health pathways and outcomes.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2016-02
• Study First Submitted: 2016-11-28
• Study First Submitted QC: 2016-11-30
• Study First Posted: 2016-12-01
• Primary Completion: 2017-07-31
• Study Completion: 2017-07-31
• Status Verified: 2020-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2020-11-10
• Last Update Posted: 2020-11-13

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 266

Inclusion Criteria

• Women >18 years of age with infants enrolled into the Pith Moromo (clinical trials ID: NCT02974972) study
• Infants born to pregnant women enrolled in the cohort study

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Exclusion Criteria

• Individuals <18 years of age that are not infants born to women enrolled in the cohort study

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Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Determine if water insecurity (novel scale) is detrimental to physical health (hemoglobin, hair cortisol, other biomarkers) in ways distinct from food insecurity (Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale)	2 years	The investigators are collecting longitudinal cohort data from women who were recruited during pregnancy and have been followed through the first 18 months of the infant's life. Participants are interviewed at regular intervals to gather information on the various pathways through which water insecurity (measured using a novel scale) may be deleterious in ways similar to food insecurity (measured using the Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale).
Determine if water insecurity (novel scale) is detrimental to nutrition (Household Dietary Diversity Scale) in ways distinct from food insecurity (Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale)	2 years	The investigators are collecting longitudinal cohort data from women who were recruited during pregnancy and have been followed through the first 18 months of the infant's life. Participants are interviewed at regular intervals to gather information on the various pathways through which water insecurity (measured using a novel scale) may be deleterious in ways similar to food insecurity (measured using the Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale).
Determine if water insecurity (novel scale) is detrimental to psychosocial health (Perceived Stress Scale, Center for Epidemiology Depression (CES-D) scale, etc.), in ways distinct from food insecurity (Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale)	2 years	The investigators are collecting longitudinal cohort data from women who were recruited during pregnancy and have been followed through the first 18 months of the infant's life. Participants are interviewed at regular intervals to gather information on the various pathways through which water insecurity (measured using a novel scale) may be deleterious in ways similar to food insecurity (measured using the Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale).
Determine if water insecurity (novel scale) is detrimental to economic security (asset index) in ways distinct from food insecurity (Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale)	2 years	The investigators are collecting longitudinal cohort data from women who were recruited during pregnancy and have been followed through the first 18 months of the infant's life. Participants are interviewed at regular intervals to gather information on the various pathways through which water insecurity (measured using a novel scale) may be deleterious in ways similar to food insecurity (measured using the Individual Food Insecurity Access Scale).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Determining if water insecurity (measured using a novel tool) will differ by HIV status	2 years	The investigators collected longitudinal data to assess water insecurity among the cohort (using a novel tool) and will compare the prevalences and impacts of water insecurity by HIV status