Ginseng and Ginkgo Biloba Effects on Cognition as Modulated by Cardiovascular Reactivity

Early Phase 1

Completed

• Conditions: Cognition; Blood Pressure
• Interventions: Drug: Placebo; Drug: Ginseng; Drug: Ginkgo Biloba

• Registration Number: NCT02386852
• Lead Sponsor: Sunway University

Brief Summary

There is some evidence to suggest that ginseng and Ginkgo biloba can improve cognitive performance, however, very little is known about the mechanisms associated with such improvement. Here, we tested whether cardiovascular reactivity to a task is associated with cognitive improvement.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2014-03
• Primary Completion: 2014-11
• Study Completion: 2014-11
• Status Verified: 2015-03
• Study First Submitted: 2015-03-06
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-03-06
• Last Update Submitted: 2015-03-11
• Study First Posted: 2015-03-12
• Last Update Posted: 2015-03-13

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 48

Inclusion Criteria

• Healthy volunteers ranging in age between 18 and 30.

Exclusion Criteria

• Ginseng group: exclude those that regularly consume caffeine or Panax Ginseng, or those that are diabetic, have hormone sensitive conditions, autoimmune diseases, bleeding conditions, heart conditions or take medications that are known to interact with Panax Ginseng. These include anticoagulants, Warfarin, Ibuprofen, MAOIs, medications that are changed by the liver, and stimulant drugs (e.g. pseudoephedrine, epinephrine).
• Ginkgo Biloba group: exclude those that regularly consume caffeine or Ginkgo Biloba, or those that are diabetic, have experienced seizures in the past, have bleeding disorders, or take medications that are known to interact with Ginkgo Biloba. These include Ibuprofen, anticoagulants, Warfarin, Buspirone, Fluoxetine, Trazodone

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Ginkgo Biloba	Placebo	Participants in the ginkgo biloba group received a medium, and higher dose of ginkgo in addition to placebo capsules.
Placebo	Ginkgo Biloba	Study subjects received, in a double blind fashion, placebo pills identical to the drug (ginseng: group 1; ginkgo biloba: group 2).
Placebo	Ginseng	Study subjects received, in a double blind fashion, placebo pills identical to the drug (ginseng: group 1; ginkgo biloba: group 2).
Placebo	Placebo	Study subjects received, in a double blind fashion, placebo pills identical to the drug (ginseng: group 1; ginkgo biloba: group 2).
Ginseng	Placebo	Participants in the ginseng group received a medium, and higher dose of ginseng in addition to placebo capsules.
Ginkgo Biloba	Ginkgo Biloba	Participants in the ginkgo biloba group received a medium, and higher dose of ginkgo in addition to placebo capsules.
Ginseng	Ginseng	Participants in the ginseng group received a medium, and higher dose of ginseng in addition to placebo capsules.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Cognitive performance as modulated by either ginseng or ginkgo biloba	Acute effects (3 days of testing)	Cognitive effects on tests of vigilance/attention, behavioural flexibility and executive functioning

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Cardiovascular reactivity as a result of ginseng or ginkgo biloba intake	Acute effects (3 days of testing)	Changes in systolic, diastolic and heart rate reading as a result of ginseng or ginkgo biloba intake and dependent upon the type of cognitive domain assessed (i.e. vigilance, behavioural flexibility or executive functioning.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Psychology, Sunway University; 🇲🇾 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia