Vestibular training on cognitive functions in multiple sclerosis patients.
- Conditions
- Nervous System Diseases
- Registration Number
- PACTR202311670782148
- Lead Sponsor
- Faculty of Physical Therapy Cairo University
- Brief Summary
Not available
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- Complete
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 40
?Remitting relapsing multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients who have no relapses over the past three months.
?Duration of illness had started not more than ten years.
?Age ranged from 20 to 45 years old.
?Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2.
?Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score = 26.
?All the patients were ambulant with mild to moderate disability according to expanded disability status scale (EDSS) = 5.
?Primary fatigued MS patients complained from fatigue for more than two months with total score of Fatigue severity scale (FSS) = 36.
?All the patients educated with at least primary level of education.
?Hamilton depression rating scale score (HDRS 17) = 7.
?Sleep disturbances with Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) = 12.
?Severe visual or auditory impairment.
?Diseases that may affect cognitive functions such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, connective tissue disorders, thyroid disorders, renal or hepatic impairment.
?Peripheral vestibulopathy.
?Patients on medications as glucocorticoids, amantadine, betaferon, hypnotics and modafinil.
?Previous history of any orthopedic problem.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method -Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): As a family of proteins, neurotrophic factors, or growth factors”, are directly involved in neuronal and synaptic growth. The BDNF protein is vital for cognitive performance in the short-term and for adaptations in brain morphology (e.g., plasticity) in the long-term. Indeed, the importance of BDNF for cognitive performance is a line of research that has been given a great amount of attention. Blood samples were taken from patients and controls to measure the serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method - Pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a): Central fatigue is related to an increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-a.