Validation of Intraoperative 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography Derived Ventricular Volumes and Ejection Fraction in Adults with Cardiac MRI: Prospective Non-Randomized Interventional Study

Accurate intraoperative assessment of cardiac function is crucial for optimizing perioperative management in cardiac surgery. Left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) are essential for evaluating myocardial contractility, while right ventricular (RV) assessment is important for understanding pulmonary circulation dynamics. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the standard imaging tool used in these settings, but traditional two-dimensional (2D) TEE has limitations, including geometric assumptions and suboptimal resolution, leading to variability in measurements. 3-dimensional TEE is superior to 2D TEE as it does not have any limitations of geometric assumptions. However, until now, 3D TEE has not been validated with the gold standard cardiac MRI. This trial aims to validate the measurements obtained from intraoperative 3D TEE with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), for assessing ventricular volumes and EF. The goal of this study is to establish the accuracy and reliability of 3D TEE measurements in the intraoperative context.