The Effects of 10-week Complex Training on Physical Characteristics, Biomechanics and Fitness of Chinese National Korfball Players.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 24
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change from Baseline to Week 10 in 1-Repetition Maximum (1RM) Back Squat (kg)
研究概览
简要总结
Korfball is a mixed-gender team sport that requires high levels of coordination, balance, and physical fitness. Unlike basketball or netball, players cannot dribble or run with the ball, and shots must often be taken in a single-leg, step-back position. These unique demands create challenges for athletes' strength, balance, and injury prevention. Despite korfball's growing popularity, scientific research on the sport's physical, biomechanical, and training characteristics remains limited.
Complex training (CT) is a training method that alternates heavy resistance exercises with plyometric movements. This approach is known to improve strength, power, sprinting, and jumping ability in other team sports. It is especially relevant for unilateral sports movements, which are common in korfball shooting and defensive actions. However, no studies to date have applied CT to korfball athletes, and the effects of such training on their performance, biomechanics, and interlimb asymmetries are unclear.
This study is designed to address three research areas:
To describe the internal and external load characteristics of korfball matches using heart rate monitoring and video-based analysis.
To investigate limb asymmetry in korfball players through assessments of biomechanics, anthropometry, physical fitness, and shooting technique.
To evaluate whether a 10-week unilateral complex training program can reduce limb asymmetry and improve physical fitness and shooting performance in elite players.
The study includes both cross-sectional and interventional components. First, competition loads will be monitored to understand game-specific demands. Second, assessments will compare dominant and non-dominant limbs in terms of strength, biomechanics, and technical performance. Finally, athletes will undergo a 10-week unilateral complex training program, after which the same measures will be repeated to test for improvements.
The expected outcomes are a clearer understanding of the physiological and biomechanical characteristics of korfball players, as well as evidence on the effectiveness of unilateral complex training. This knowledge may guide coaches and practitioners in designing targeted training strategies to enhance performance, reduce injury risk, and optimize athlete development in korfball.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Na
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- None
盲法说明
This is an open-label study; both participants and investigators are aware of the intervention being administered.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Male or female athletes aged 18 to 35 years.
- •Selected for the China National Korfball Team or the China Youth National Korfball Team.
- •Able to participate in the full training and testing protocol and willing to provide informed consent.
排除标准
- •Participation in structured physical training other than korfball training within the previous 6 months.
- •History of cruciate ligament injury, fracture, or other significant injury affecting sports performance within the previous 12 months.
- •Failed routine musculoskeletal health screening or has unresolved injury/medical condition that precludes safe participation.
- •Does not meet baseline strength prerequisites required for safe participation in complex training (combined resistance and plyometric exercises) according to NSCA guidelines.
- •Additional notes (for study procedures, not eligibility):
- •Participants will complete an information questionnaire to document training history and basic characteristics.
研究组 & 干预措施
Experimental: 10-week Unilateral Complex Training
Participants will be stratified by sex into two equally sized groups (male and female). All participants will complete the same 10-week unilateral complex training program, which combines resistance and plyometric exercises within each session. No between-group comparisons are planned; analyses will focus on pre- to post-intervention changes.
干预措施: 10-week Unilateral Complex Training Program (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Change from Baseline to Week 10 in 1-Repetition Maximum (1RM) Back Squat (kg)
时间窗: Baseline and Week 10
Maximal lower-body strength assessed as the one-repetition maximum (1RM) load for the barbell back squat. Participants completed standardized warm-up sets followed by progressive single attempts to determine the maximal load successfully lifted once with correct technique; rest periods were provided between attempts. The outcome is the 1RM load, reported in kilograms (kg).
次要结局
- Single-Leg Triple Hops (m)(Baseline and Week 10)
- 1-Repetition Maximum (1RM) Shoulder Press (kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Y-Balance Test Composite Score (percent)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Total Distance (m)(Baseline and Week 10)
- T-Test Agility Time (s)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Isokinetic Hip Extension Peak Torque/Body Mass at 60°/s (N·m/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Isokinetic Hip Extension Peak Torque/Body Mass at 180°/s (N·m/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Isokinetic Knee Extension Peak Torque/Body Mass at 60°/s (N·m/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Isokinetic Knee Extension Peak Torque/Body Mass at 180°/s (N·m/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Isokinetic Ankle Extension (Plantarflexion) Peak Torque/Body Mass at 60°/s (N·m/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Isokinetic Ankle Extension (Plantarflexion) Peak Torque/Body Mass at 180°/s (N·m/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Step-back Jump Shot Vertical Impulse (N·s/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Step-back Jump Shot Jump Height (cm)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Squat Jump Height (cm)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Drop Jump Reactive Strength Index (RSI) (m/s)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Change-of-Direction (45°) Braking Impulse (N·s/kg)(Baseline and Week 10)
- Change from Baseline to Week 10 in Overall Shooting Accuracy Across 3 m, 5 m, and 7 m in a 1-Minute Timed Shooting Protocol (%)(Baseline and Week 10)
研究者
Shazlin Shaharudin
Associate Professor
Universiti Sains Malaysia