Dose and Response of Intrathecal Hydromorphone in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section at Virginia Commonwealth University Health System
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Intervention
- Intrathecal hydromorphone
- Conditions
- Cesarean Section
- Sponsor
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Enrollment
- 14
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Narcotic Pain Medication
- Status
- Terminated
- Last Updated
- 8 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
In the United States the incidence of cesarean deliveries have increased over the last several decades and is currently approximately 30% nationwide. The anesthesia and analgesia for elective c-sections vary between institutions.
Parturients present a unique challenge for the anesthesiologist as the mother has to care not only for herself, but also for the newborn postpartum. While intrathecal opioids provide adequate pain relief, they do so at the cost of bothersome side effects for patients, such as pruritus and nausea/vomiting.
Intrathecal hydromorphone has started to be explored as a new option for intrathecal analgesia. A study done by Beatty et al. showed in a retrospective review that 40 mcg of intrathecal dilaudid was safe and effective as compared to intrathecal morphine for analgesia after cesarean delivery. Additionally they showed no difference in side effect profiles of the two medications. Mhyre et al. investigated the use of 100 mcg of intrathecal dilaudid with hyperbaric bupivacaine in varying dosages for labor analgesia. The results were inconclusive, but the dosage of hydromorphone was reported to be without adverse effects.
Virginia Commonwealth University Health Systems has successfully instituted the use of intrathecal morphine with superior analgesia but with undesired side effects, most notably pruritus. Recent drug shortages of duramorph have prompted investigators to seek alternative options for post cesarean section analgesia. The investigators are interested in determining the dose, efficacy, and side effect profile of intrathecal hydromorphone. Although our institution has never utilized intrathecal hydromorphone for our patient population, it has been studied at various other institutions where it has been found to be safe and efficacious with an acceptable side effect profile.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification less than or equal to 3 Elective cesarean section Able to obtain a signed consent in English Patients who are 18 years or older
Exclusion Criteria
- •ASA greater than 3 or major medical comorbidities that are not optimized Patient refusal or contraindications to neuraxial/study drugs. Allergy to study drugs Conversion to general anesthesia Any patient who does not receive any multimodal regimen (PO acetaminophen, +/- PO ibuprofen/IV ketorolac) Any patient who is taking PO/IV opioids or buprenorphine during the current pregnancy
Arms & Interventions
Intrathecal Dilaudid
This will be a prospective up/down dosage study. After obtaining informed consent, eligible participants will be part of an up/down dose titration study. This first phase of our study will be conducted using intrathecal (spinal) hydromorphone to determine an appropriate dose range for our study population. Study drug dose will initially be 40 mcg. The only deviation from the current standard of care will be that patients will be given hydromorphone intrathecally instead of morphine. The rest of the care provided will be standard of care and per current practices at VCU labor and delivery floor.
Intervention: Intrathecal hydromorphone
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Narcotic Pain Medication
Time Frame: 12 hours post administration of intrathecal hydromorphone
Dose failure defined as requiring more than oxycodone 5 or 10 mg q 4 hours and a 1x PRN of IV hydromorphone
Secondary Outcomes
- Infant Outcome(up to 10 minutes)
- Nausea(4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours after placement of intrathecal hydromorphone)
- Pruritus(4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours after placement of intrathecal hydromorphone)
- Sedation(4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours after placement of intrathecal hydromorphone)
- Pain(4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 hours after placement of intrathecal hydromorphone)