The Role of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise on Urinary Incontinence Treatment: A Pilot Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 40
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Change from baseline Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) scores of women who performed diaphragmatic breathing exercises at 6 weeks
研究概览
简要总结
The main aim of this pilot study was to examine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercise on urinary incontinence treatment. The secondary purpose was to compare the effect of pelvic floor muscle exercises and diaphragmatic breathing exercises on urinary incontinence women.
Design: Participants were randomized into two groups: pelvic floor muscle exercises (Group PFM n=20) and diaphragmatic breathing exercises (Group DB n=20). Exercise programs consisted of 1 set of contractions per day and each set included 30 repetitions for 6 weeks. Women were asked to complete forms of Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) and the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6), Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL), and Overactive Bladder (OAB-V3) before starting the program and again at the end of the 6-week program. Changes from baseline were compared in both groups and between the two groups.
详细描述
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a chronic condition with involuntary urine loss. Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) is a complaint of involuntary loss of urine associated with urgency; stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a complaint of involuntary urine leaks out on effort or physical exertion including sporting activities, or on sneezing or coughing. In the mixed type of urinary incontinence (MUI) complaints coexist both in stress and urgency.
Although urinary incontinence is not a life-threatening condition, the feeling of discomfort caused by constant wetness, irritation, and the fear of odor affects the daily and social activities of in patients.
The abdominal-pelvic cavity contains most of the internal organs, is bounded by the diaphragm above, abdominal muscles anterior and lateral, thoracolumbar fascia and dorsal muscles in the back, and pelvic floor in the lower part. The respiratory diaphragm forms the roof of the abdomina-pelvic cavity and the pelvic floor forms the base. The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle, connected to the pelvic floor via the transversalis fascia. The pelvic floor supports internal organs, as well as constrictor and continence mechanisms of the urethral, anal and vaginal orifices in females.
Musculofascial support is provided by the pelvic floor forms a hammock onto which the urethra is compressed during increases in intra-abdominal pressure. When intraabdominal pressure increases, intra-abdominal contents downward momentum is arrested by stretch resistance of the pelvic floor structures. At this time, the proximal intraabdominal portion of the urethra is compressed against the underlying supporting layer, which consists of the endopelvic fascia, vagina, and pelvic floor.
Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) exercises, defined by Arnold H. Kegel, aims to regain support to the urinary organs by actively functioning the pelvic floor muscles. Previous researches show that PFM exercises are an effective treatment for UI and improve the quality of life (Qol) of in women. It is currently used as the first choice in conservative treatment of incontinence. However, PFM exercises may be encountered with some difficulties in order to understanding and performing by patients.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 19 Years 至 45 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Clinical diagnosis of urinary incontinence
- •Urinary leakage at least 3 months
- •Not received physiotherapy before
排除标准
- •Pregnancy
- •Postpartum period (6 weeks after delivery)
- •Detrusor hyperreflexia
- •Menopause
- •Hormonal therapy
- •Active vaginal lesion or infection
- •Urinary infection
- •Prior pelvic surgery
- •Organ prolapse
- •Chronic pelvic pain
- •Sexual disorders
- •Neurological problem
结局指标
主要结局
Change from baseline Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) scores of women who performed diaphragmatic breathing exercises at 6 weeks
时间窗: 6 weeks
The Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) is used to analyze the impact of UI on various activities and emotional states. Responses were on a 4-step ordered category scale from "not at all" to "greatly". Women were asked to complete those forms before starting the diaphragmatic breathing exercises and again at the end of the 6-week program.
Change from baseline The Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) scores of women who performed diaphragmatic breathing exercises at 6 weeks
时间窗: 6 weeks
The Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) contains 22 items, on a 6 point Likert scale ranging from 0 (none) to 5 (very great deal), about limiting behaviors and social life impacts, low scores indicate poorer QoL. Women were asked to complete those forms before starting the diaphragmatic breathing exercises and again at the end of the 6-week program.
Change from baseline Overactive Bladder (OAB-V3) scores of women who performed diaphragmatic breathing exercises at 6 weeks
时间窗: 6 weeks
Overactive Bladder (OAB-V3) questionnaire consists of 8 questions about how bothered one is by symptoms of urinary urgency, urinary frequency, nocturia, ranging from never (0) to always (5). Women were asked to complete those forms before starting the diaphragmatic breathing exercises and again at the end of the 6-week program.
Change from baseline the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) scores of women who performed diaphragmatic breathing exercises at 6 weeks
时间窗: 6 weeks
The Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) is used to analyze the impact of UI on various activities and emotional states. Responses were on a 4-step ordered category scale from "not at all" to "greatly". Questions 1 and 2 of UDI-6 are directed to irritative symptoms, questions 3 and 4 address stress symptoms, others address obstructive or voiding symptoms. Women were asked to complete those forms before starting the diaphragmatic breathing exercises and again at the end of the 6-week program.
次要结局
- Change from baseline Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) scores of women who performed pelvic floor exercises at 6 weeks.(6 weeks)
- Change from baseline Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) scores of women who performed pelvic floor exercises at 6 weeks.(6 weeks)
- Change from baseline Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) scores of women who performed pelvic floor exercises at 6 weeks.(6 weeks)
- Change from baseline Overactive Bladder (OAB-V3) scores of women who performed pelvic floor exercises at 6 weeks.(6 weeks)
研究者
selva sen
Research Assistant
Istanbul Medipol University Hospital