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Biofeedback-VR for Treatment of Chronic Migraine

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Behavioral Treatment
Medication Overuse Headache
Virtual Reality
Chronic Migraine
Biofeedback
Interventions
Device: Combined biofeedback-virtual reality device
Registration Number
NCT05720819
Lead Sponsor
University of Washington
Brief Summary

Migraine is a common, debilitating neurologic condition affecting more than 900 million individuals worldwide. Established treatments for migraine include medications, vitamin and herbal supplements, neuromodulation, and behavioral treatment strategies. This study aims to determine whether a novel, home-based behavioral approach, combined biofeedback-virtual reality therapy, can improve self-reported migraine-related outcomes in individuals living with chronic migraine.

In this randomized, controlled pilot study, 50 adults with chronic migraine are randomized to the experimental group (frequent use of a heart rate variability biofeedback-virtual reality device plus standard medical care; n=25) or wait-list control group (standard medical care alone; n=25). The primary outcome is reduction in mean monthly headache days between groups at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes include mean change in acute analgesic use frequency, depression, migraine-related disability, stress, insomnia, and catastrophizing between groups at 12 weeks. Tertiary outcomes include change in heart rate variability and device-related user experience measures.

Detailed Description

Chronic migraine (CM) is a debilitating neurologic condition affecting 1-2% of the population. By definition, individuals with CM experience at least 15 headache days per month (including at least 8 migraine days) for more than 3 months. In addition to frequent, debilitating headaches, CM is associated with increased rates of headache-related disability, psychiatric comorbidity, pain catastrophizing, insomnia, risk of medication overuse headache, and healthcare resource utilization.

Established treatments for migraine include medications, vitamin and herbal supplements, neuromodulation, and behavioral treatment strategies. Our study aims to determine whether a novel, home-based behavioral approach, combined biofeedback-virtual reality therapy, can improve self-reported migraine-related outcomes in individuals living with chronic migraine.

In this randomized, controlled pilot study, 50 adults with chronic migraine are randomized to the experimental group (frequent use of a heart rate variability biofeedback-virtual reality device plus standard medical care; n=25) or wait-list control group (standard medical care alone; n=25). The primary outcome is reduction in mean monthly headache days between groups at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes include mean change in acute analgesic use frequency, depression, migraine-related disability, stress, insomnia, and catastrophizing between groups at 12 weeks. Tertiary outcomes include change in heart rate variability and device-related user experience measures.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
50
Inclusion Criteria
  • Diagnosis of International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICDH-3 beta) criteria for chronic migraine
  • Individuals having experienced least 15 headache days per month (including at least 8 migraine days per month) in the preceding 3 months
  • Ability to speak English or Spanish
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Exclusion Criteria
  • Individuals with cognitive impairment, severe psychiatric comorbidities (including active suicidal or homicidal ideation and/or psychosis), hearing/seeing difficulties, epileptic or non-epileptic seizures, and prisoners.
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Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Intervention Group (Biofeedback-VR intervention plus standard clinical care)Combined biofeedback-virtual reality deviceThis arm includes individuals with chronic migraine receiving the home-based biofeedback-VR intervention plus standard medical care as treatment for chronic migraine
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Mean headache days per monthBaseline compared with week 12

Mean headache days per month in the experimental group, as compared with mean headache days per month in the control group.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Frequency of total acute analgesic medication uses per monthBaseline compared with week 12

Frequency of total acute analgesic medication uses per month in the experimental group, as compared with total acute analgesic medication uses per month in the control group.

Catastrophizing score (Concerns about Pain scale)Baseline compared with week 12

Catastrophizing score in the experimental group, as compared with the catastrophizing score in the control group. The minimum score is 6 and the maximum score is 30. Scores are converted into a T score metric. A higher score suggests increased concern about pain.

Depression score (Patient Health Questionnaire-8)Baseline compared with week 12

Depression score in the experimental group, as compared with depression score in the control group. The lowest attainable score is 0 and the highest attainable score is 24. A score of 0-4 is no depression, 5-9 mild depression, 10-14 moderate depression, 15-19 moderately severe depression, and 20-24 severe depression.

Stress score (Perceived Stress Scale)Baseline compared with week 12

Stress score in the experimental group, as compared with the stress score in the control group. Minimum score is 0, maximum score is 40. Score 0-13 is low stress, 14-26 reflects moderate stress, 27-40 reflects high stress.

Migraine associated disability score (Migraine Disability Assessment)Baseline compared with week 12

Migraine associated disability score in the experimental group, as compared with the migraine associated disability score in the control group. Minimum score is 0, maximum score is indefinite. Score of 0-5 is defined as minimal disability, 6-10 as mild disability, 11-20 as moderate disability, and score of at least 21 is severe disability.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Washington

🇺🇸

Seattle, Washington, United States

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