Evaluation of Gummy Smile With Artificial ıntelligence
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Active, not recruiting
- Sponsor
- Gazi University
- Enrollment
- 650
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- value of gummy smile visibility using artificial intelligence algorithms
Study Overview
Brief Summary
A smile, as a nonverbal communication tool, is based on a balanced relationship between the teeth and the surrounding hard and soft tissues. The literature highlights the need for the evaluation of smile design using artificial intelligence (AI), suggesting that AI-assisted assessments could play a crucial role in all relevant stages of clinical parameters associated with gingival smile analysis. A gummy smile (GS) is defined as the excessive display of gingival tissue exceeding 3 mm during smiling.
The hypothesis of this study is based on the assumption that clinical data obtained for the analysis and diagnosis of gingival visibility can be accurately and reliably evaluated using AI-supported algorithms. To date, no study has been found in the literature that diagnoses GS using AI, predicts its etiological factors, and assesses its implications for treatment planning.
Detailed Description
Detailed Description
Among the causes of gummy smile (GS) are:
Excessive vertical development of the anterior maxilla Hyperactivity of the perioral muscles, leading to excessive lip elevation during smiling Short clinical crown length, which increases susceptibility to GS Altered passive eruption, gingival inflammation, and gingival hyperplasia contribute to a reduced clinical crown length. Cases where the vertical dimension of the teeth is shorter than the horizontal dimension suggest that passive eruption is a contributing factor to GS.
The extent of GS is not homogenous across all teeth involved in the smile and often results from multiple etiological factors. When gingival display is 3 mm, it is attributed solely to excessive gingival tissue. If an additional 2.2 mm of gingival display is present (3 mm + 2.2 mm), vertical maxillary excess (VME) is considered a contributing factor. When an additional 2.8 mm of gingival display is observed (3 mm + 2.2 mm + 2.8 mm), a hypermobile (HM) lip is implicated.
For instance:
Study Design
- Study Type
- Observational
- Observational Model
- Case Only
- Time Perspective
- Prospective
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 55 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Participants aged between 18 and 55 years.
- •Gingival Display During Smiling:
- •Presence of more than 3 mm of gingival display above the maxillary anterior teeth during smiling.
- •Gummy smile severity exceeding a predefined threshold, categorized as mild, moderate, or severe.
- •Oral and Periodontal Health:
- •Periodontally healthy individuals or those with minimal gingival inflammation. Anterior teeth free of caries or extensive restorations that may affect esthetic evaluation.
- •Participants with Class I occlusion or mild malocclusion.
- •Presence of etiological factors contributing to gummy smile, such as:
- •Vertical maxillary excess (VME) Hyperactive upper lip Altered passive eruption
- •History of Orthodontic or Surgical Treatment:
- •No history of previous gummy smile correction treatments. No orthodontic treatment or surgical intervention within the last 6-12 months.
- •Systemic Health and Medication Use:
- •Absence of systemic diseases or medication use that could influence gingival display.
- •Image Quality Requirements:
- •High-resolution and standardized photographs or video recordings. Images captured under consistent lighting conditions and fixed angles to ensure accurate evaluation of gingival display.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Periodontal and Dental Conditions:
- •Presence of severe periodontal disease (e.g., periodontitis, gingival hyperplasia).
- •Extensive carious lesions, large restorations, or prosthetic crowns on anterior teeth.
- •History of traumatic dental injuries affecting the maxillary anterior region.
- •Occlusal and Skeletal Anomalies:
- •Severe malocclusion (e.g., Class II or III, open bite, crossbite). Jaw deformities requiring orthognathic surgery.
- •History of Previous Treatment for Gummy Smile:
- •Prior orthodontic treatment, periodontal surgery, or botulinum toxin injections for gummy smile correction.
- •History of orthognathic or maxillofacial surgery altering gingival display.
- •Systemic Health Conditions and Medication Use:
- •Presence of systemic diseases that could affect gingival tissue or facial muscle function (e.g., diabetes, neuromuscular disorders).
- •Use of medications known to induce gingival overgrowth, such as:
- •Calcium channel blockers Phenytoin Cyclosporine
- •Inadequate Image Quality for AI Analysis:
- •Low-resolution, blurred, or poorly standardized photographs. Inconsistent lighting conditions or improper facial positioning in images.
- •Pregnancy and Hormonal Influence:
- •Pregnant or postpartum individuals, as hormonal changes may temporarily influence gingival display.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
value of gummy smile visibility using artificial intelligence algorithms
Time Frame: 1 month
gummy smile visibility
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Zeynep Turgut Çankaya
Gazi University
Gazi University