Immune Profile of Patients With Positive Blood Cultures and Multiple Organ Dysfunctions

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in patients admitted to intensive care. It is characterized by being an exaggerated and deregulated inflammatory response triggered by an infection. Although inflammation affects the compartmentalization of the infection, the activation of the immune system in sepsis has a systemic problem, which sometimes affects the organs distant from the site of infection. Within this context, two processes are recognized, which can often coexist: the pro-inflammatory response and the anti-inflammatory response. While it is assumed that the proinflammatory response may favor the development of multiple organ failure, sepsis-induced immunosuppression would favor a new infection, especially of endogenous and intranosocomial germs, mortality increases. The pro-anti-inflammatory nature of sepsis (if so can be defined) depends on a multitude of factors: the type of infection, personal history, genetic conditions, associated diseases, environmental factors, the use of immunosuppressive medications and nutrition. state, among others. Recent studies found that the immune response profile differs depending on the type of infection (Gram negative or Gram positive). Defining the predominant immune condition is not a simple task. Here there are no commonly used clinical variables that define the immune status, except for neutrophil counts.

Objetive:

• Define whether there are differences in the immunological profile between patients with sepsis and positive blood cultures by Gram negative and Gram positive.
• Identify easily accessible clinical and / or laboratory patterns that can predict the predominant immune character.

Design: The study was approved by the Scientific and Ethics committee of the institution. Informed consent will be requested.

Patients with severe sepsis and positive blood cultures will be included prospectively, within 24 hours of diagnosis of sepsis.