Efficacy and Mechanisms of Technology-based Behavioral Interventions
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 600
- 试验地点
- 5
- 主要终点
- Alcohol Consumption
研究概览
简要总结
Large scale surveys indicate that approximately 68% of college students drink alcohol every month and 40% of college students engage in heavy episodic drinking. Despite prevention/intervention efforts, problematic alcohol consumption among college students continues to result in an estimated 1,800 deaths and 600,000 injuries annually, and epidemiological studies demonstrate no appreciable decrease in risk among college students. The purpose of the proposed research is to improve extant college-drinking interventions by advancing the dissemination methodology and the intervention content (Specific Aim 1). As a methodological improvement, rapid advances in mobile computing makes ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) increasingly feasible. EMIs refer to interventions that can be delivered multiple times and "in the moment". EMIs can optimize the timing and location of the intervention while also increasing the dose of the intervention. To improve the intervention content, the researchers will examine protective behavioral strategies (PBS) to reduce alcohol problems, not just alcohol use. PBS are behaviors that one can engage in immediately prior to, during, and immediately following alcohol use that limit alcohol use and/or alcohol-related harm. Research suggests that PBS use can protect individuals from alcohol problems above and beyond its effect on reducing alcohol use. The primary purpose of this research is to provide a more powerful test of a PBS intervention's effects on alcohol-related consequences by using a technology-based intervention methodology (i.e., EMI). Participants will be randomized into to a fully crossed, 3 (Standard BMI, BMI with a PBS component, control) X 2 (PBS-based EMI, Ecological Assessment Only) design. These 6 conditions will answer several critically important research questions (Specific Aim 2): a) does the addition of a PBS component improve the efficacy of a standard BMI, b) does a PBS-based EMI improve efficacy over the standard, single session BMI, c) does the combination of motivation-based intervention (BMI) with a skills-based intervention (EMI) yield even greater decreases in consequences (i.e., moderation). A final purpose of this research is to examine PBS norms, PBS perceived effectiveness, and motivation to change PBS use as novel mediators of the improved interventions. Results can be used to disseminate more effective college drinking interventions that are cheaper and more efficacious.
详细描述
Hazardous alcohol use among college students is a significant public health concern that has resulted in the development of numerous interventions. Although motivational interviewing components are effective at reducing problematic alcohol consumption among college students via reductions in descriptive norms (i.e., the perceived drinking by peers), the effects of single-session brief motivational interventions (BMIs) on alcohol use and consequences are relatively short-lived (i.e., 3 months). Guided by a harm-reduction perspective, researchers have become increasingly interested in how protective behavioral strategies (PBS) can impact alcohol consequences beyond the effects of reduced alcohol consumption. PBS have been found to be a robust predictor of alcohol-related problems controlling for consumption, and multiple intervention studies have found that PBS mediates intervention effects. Few studies, however, have examined the efficacy of PBS-related intervention components.
Specific Aim 1a: The researchers will augment and improve extant college alcohol interventions by developing and rigorously evaluating an added PBS component to an existing BMI with demonstrated efficacy to further reduce alcohol-related consequences beyond what is explained by reduced consumption.
An additional goal of this research is to deliver PBS in a way that capitalizes on newer technologies that allow for the repeated in vivo delivery of alcohol interventions. Given the widespread use of handheld devices among the college population, ecological momentary intervention (EMI) shows great promise in producing lasting behavior for a modest cost.
Specific Aim 1b: The researchers will develop a technology-based, college-drinking ecological momentary intervention (EMI; a newer, less explored methodology) that is disseminated using mobile, hand-held devices, which can be used in vivo with every drinking episode.
Characterizing Intervention Efficacy. The researchers intend to demonstrate that adding a PBS-focused component can increase efficacy beyond standard single-session BMIs while keeping costs minimal. Although the researchers predict that the PBS-based EMI will effect greater and more lasting decreases in alcohol consequences beyond standard intervention, it is important to verify that cheaper, single-session alternatives are not as effective (i.e., PBS-based BMI). Therefore, the researchers intend to implement a 2 (EMI, Ecological Momentary Assessment only [EMA]) by 3 (no single-session intervention control, standard BMI, BMI plus PBS component) factorial design. The researchers will characterize the efficacy of the BMI+PBS and EMI over traditional, single-session BMIs in several ways:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Factorial
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 25 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Current college students at the sponsor institution at the time of enrollment
- •Between the ages of 18 and 25
- •Consumed at least standard drink of alcohol in the past 4 weeks
排除标准
- •Under age of 18 or older than 25
- •Not a college student
- •Did not drink alcohol in the past 4 weeks
研究组 & 干预措施
No single-session intervention-EMA
Participants will be assessed both using a computer and using their phone. However, they will not receive an intervention at the start of the study and will only be using their phone for ecological assessment only data collection.
Standard single-session intervention-EMA
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will be followed up. Participants in this condition will interact with their phone only for assessment purposes.
干预措施: college drinker's check up (Behavioral)
Augment single-session intervention-EMA
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will also take a computerized intervention developed to increase the use of protective behavioral strategies during drinking (Protective Behavioral Strategies Intervention). Participants in this condition will interact with their phone only for assessment purposes.
干预措施: college drinker's check up (Behavioral)
Augment single-session intervention-EMA
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will also take a computerized intervention developed to increase the use of protective behavioral strategies during drinking (Protective Behavioral Strategies Intervention). Participants in this condition will interact with their phone only for assessment purposes.
干预措施: Protective Behavioral Strategies Intervention (Behavioral)
No single-session intervention-EMI
Participants in this group will not take a single-session intervention at baseline, but will be interacting with their phones during drinking occasions to promote protective behavioral strategy use (Ecological Momentary Intervention).
干预措施: Ecological Momentary Intervention (Behavioral)
Standard single-session intervention-EMI
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will be followed up. Participants in this condition will be interacting with their phones during drinking occasions to promote protective behavioral strategy use (Ecological Momentary Intervention).
干预措施: college drinker's check up (Behavioral)
Standard single-session intervention-EMI
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will be followed up. Participants in this condition will be interacting with their phones during drinking occasions to promote protective behavioral strategy use (Ecological Momentary Intervention).
干预措施: Ecological Momentary Intervention (Behavioral)
Augment single-session intervention-EMI
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will also take a computerized intervention developed to increase the use of protective behavioral strategies during drinking (Protective Behavioral Strategies Intervention). Participants in this condition will be interacting with their phones during drinking occasions to promote protective behavioral strategy use (Ecological Momentary Intervention).
干预措施: college drinker's check up (Behavioral)
Augment single-session intervention-EMI
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will also take a computerized intervention developed to increase the use of protective behavioral strategies during drinking (Protective Behavioral Strategies Intervention). Participants in this condition will be interacting with their phones during drinking occasions to promote protective behavioral strategy use (Ecological Momentary Intervention).
干预措施: Ecological Momentary Intervention (Behavioral)
Augment single-session intervention-EMI
Participants will take a computerized BMI with known efficacy, the college drinker's check up, and will also take a computerized intervention developed to increase the use of protective behavioral strategies during drinking (Protective Behavioral Strategies Intervention). Participants in this condition will be interacting with their phones during drinking occasions to promote protective behavioral strategy use (Ecological Momentary Intervention).
干预措施: Protective Behavioral Strategies Intervention (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Alcohol Consumption
时间窗: 6-months
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (general consumption)
次要结局
- Alcohol Consequences(6-months)
研究者
James M. Henson
Associate Professor of Psychology
Old Dominion University