Promoting Smoking Cessation in the Community Via QTW 2014
- Conditions
- Smoking Cessation Intervention
- Registration Number
- NCT02188433
- Lead Sponsor
- The University of Hong Kong
- Brief Summary
Although smoking prevalence is decreasing in Hong Kong, there are still 645,000 daily smokers 10.7% ( Thematic Household Survey 2012) and half will be killed by smoking (Lam ,2012) which accounts for over 7,000 deaths per year (Lam, Ho, Hedley, Mak, \& Peto, 2001). Smoking also accounts for a large amount of medical cost, long-term care and productivity loss of US$688 million (0.6% Hong Kong GDP) (McGhee et al., 2006) (Census \& Statistics Department (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government), 2001). Smoking is a highly addictive behavior and it is difficult for smokers with strong nicotine dependence to quit without assistance. On the other hand, reaching and helping the many smokers who have no intention to quit is a challenge, because they are unlikely to seek professional help from smoking cessation services. The Quit and Win programme provides an opportunity to reach and encourage a large group of smokers to make quit attempt and maintain abstinence. The Quit and Win model posits that smokers participating in the contest will have higher motivation to quit with incentives and better social support (Cahill \& Petera, 2011). Studies have found that such quitting contests or incentive programs appeared to reach a large number of smokers and demonstrated a significantly higher quit rate for the quit and win group than for the control group (Cahill \& Rafael, 2008).
The Quit to Win Contest in 2014 and the study's interventions using cut down to quit approach are theoretically based on the Health Action Process Approach ( HAPA) for the intervention group (Schwarzer, 2008). The HAPA suggests that one's intention of behavior change can be fostered by knowing that the new behavior has positive outcomes as opposed to the negative outcomes that accompany the current behavior; and planning (action planning and coping planning) which serves as an operative mediator between intentions and behavior. Using gradual cut down approach on smoking cessation will probably increase smoker's self-efficacy on smoking cessation as the process could be achieved at the smoker's own perceived pace without placing too much pressure on themselves but with greater control of self in the cessation process. This was supported by the evidence that smoking reduction approach led to a greater self-efficacy to resist smoking and increased subsequent quitting (Broms, Korhonen, \& Kaprio, 2008). Most importantly, reducing cigarette consumption will lower the nicotine dependence which is associated with later abstinence (Hughes et al., 2004). On the other hand, quitting immediately will have a less sense of control and may be subjected to relapse thus lower the self-efficacy on quitting.
Therefore, the present study will examine (1) effectiveness of the cut down to quit (CDTQ) and quit immediately (QI) approaches; (2) explore the use of Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) model to build capacity and to engage community partners in taking on this important public health issue for sustainability in the community. In addition, process evaluation will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the recruitment activity and how it is linked with the overall program outcomes.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 1307
- Hong Kong residents aged 18 or above
- Smoke at least 1 cigarette per day in the past 3 months
- Able to communicate in Cantonese
- Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) of 4 ppm or above, assessed by a validated CO smokerlyzer
- Have Intention to quit
- Smokers who have difficulties (either physical or cognitive condition) to communicate
- Currently following other smoking cessation programs
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method smoking quit rate 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up The primary outcomes are self-reported 7-day point prevalence (pp) quit rate at 3 and 6 months among the two groups
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Biochemical validated quit rate 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up biochemically validated quit rates at 3 and 6 months in the two groups
Smoking reduction rate 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up rate of smoking reduction by at least half of baseline amount in the two groups
Smoking quit attempt 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up number of quit attempts at 3 and 6 months among the two groups
quit rate and reduction rate for all subjects 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up the above cessation and reduction outcomes of all subjects participating in Quit to Win contest 2014
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
The Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH)
🇨🇳Hong Kong, China
The Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH)🇨🇳Hong Kong, China