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Pathophysiologic Hemodynamics After Primary Unilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Receiving ACEIs and ARBs

Conditions
Orthostatic Hypotension
Orthostatic Intolerance
Interventions
Other: Mobilisation procedure
Registration Number
NCT04842058
Lead Sponsor
Hvidovre University Hospital
Brief Summary

Incidence and pathophysiologic hemodynamics of postoperative orthostatic intolerance and orthostatic hypotension in patients receiving antihypertensives

Detailed Description

Early postoperative mobilization is essential for rapid functional recovery after surgery and it is considered a cornerstone in the so-called fast track multimodal perioperative approach, which includes early ambulation, oral nutrition, multimodal opioid-sparing analgesia and optimized fluid therapy. This strategy has improved patient outcome after surgery and reduced hospital length of stay. Immobilization after surgery is associated with increased risk of complications including venous thromboembolism (deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism), muscle wasting, pneumonia and atelectasis, thereby impending convalescence.

However, early postoperative mobilization can be delayed due to failed orthostatic cardiovascular regulation, resulting in postoperative orthostatic hypotension (OH), defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure \> 20 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \> 10 mmHg or postoperative orthostatic intolerance (OI), characterized by dizziness, nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances or syncope.

Previous studies investigating the incidence and pathophysiology of postoperative OI and OH included mixed patient populations. Hitherto no studies have been performed looking into the incidence and pathophysiologic hemodynamics of postoperative OI and OH specifically in patients receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), antihypertensive agents with potential effects on cardiovascular compensatory functions.

The current study aims therefore to estimate the incidence and gain knowledge on pathophysiological hemodynamics of postoperative OI and OH in patients receiving ACEIs and ARBs.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
24
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients undergoing primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) in spinal anaesthesia in standardized fast-track setting
  • Habitual use of angiontensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) and/or angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs) on any indication
  • Patients > 18
  • Patients that understand and speak Danish
  • Patients that have provided written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Alcohol abuse
  • Any type of substance abuse
  • Chronic pain treated by habitual use of opioids
  • Habitual use of anxiolytic, antidepressant and/or antipsychotic drugs
  • History of cerebral apoplexy or transitory cerebral ischemia
  • History of previous orthostatic intolerance or hypotension
  • History of diabetes mellitus
  • History of following diseases of the autonomic nervous system: Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, multiple system atrophy, autonomic neuropathies
  • Cognitive dysfunction
  • Dementia
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) > 3

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Orthostatic intolerant patients (OI)Mobilisation procedurePatients that do not experience symptoms of orthostatic intolerance (dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurry vision or syncope) or orthostatic hypotension (fall in systolic pressure \> 20 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure \> 10 mmHg) during mobilisation
Orthostatic tolerant patients (OT)Mobilisation procedurePatients that experience symptoms of orthostatic intolerance (dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurry vision or syncope) or orthostatic hypotension (fall in systolic pressure \> 20 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure \> 10 mmHg) during mobilisation
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Incidence of orthostatic hypotension6 hours postoperatively

Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a fall in systolic pressure \> 20 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure \> 10 mmHg during mobilization

Incidence of orthostatic intolerance6 hours postoperatively

Symptoms of orthostatic intolerance: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurry vision or syncope during mobilization

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Changes in Diastolic Sympathetic Index 1 (DSI1) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured as index

Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mmHg by non-invasive LiDCO

Changes in heart rate (HR) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in beats min-1 by non-invasive LiDCO

Changes in red blood cell volume (RBCV)Preoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mL by Carbon Monoxide - rebreathing technique

Changes in muscular perfusion (SmO2) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in % by Root Masimo

Changes in peripheral perfusion index (PPI) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in % by Root Masimo

Changes in systolic arterial pressure (SAP) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mmHg by non-invasive Lithium Dilution Cardiac Output (LiDCO) measurement

Changes in C-Reactive ProteinPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mg/L

Changes in Systolic Sympathetic Index 1 (SSI1) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured as index

Changes in diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mmHg by non-invasive LiDCO

Changes in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in dynes s cm-5 by non-invasive LiDCO

Changes in cardiac output (CO) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in L/min by non-invasive LiDCO

Changes in stroke volume (SV) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mL by non-invasive LiDCO

Changes in pulse pressure (PP) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mmHg

Changes in cerebral perfusion (ScO2) during mobilizationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in % by Root Masimo

Changes in total blood volume (TBV)Preoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mL by Carbon Monoxide - rebreathing technique

Changes in heart rate variability (HRV) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in ms

Changes in baroreflex sensitivity - vagal (BRSv) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in ms

Changes in plasma volume (PV)Preoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in mL by Carbon Monoxide - rebreathing technique

Changes in hematocritPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in %

Changes in total mass of hemoglobinPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in grams

Changes in hemoglobin concentrationPreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in gr/L

Changes in Valsalva ratio (VR) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured as index

Changes in Systolic Sympathetic Index 3 (SSI3) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured as index

Changes in Diastolic Sympathetic Index 2 (DSI2) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured as index

Changes in Pressure Recovery Time (PRT) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in seconds

Changes in Baroreceptor Reflex Sensitivity-adrenergic (BRS-a) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in seconds

Changes in systolic latency during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in seconds

Changes in diastolic latency during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured in seconds

Changes in Diastolic Sympathetic Index 3 (DSI3) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured as index

Changes in Systolic Sympathetic Index 2 (SSI2) during Valsalva manoeuvrePreoperatively, 6 and 24 hours postoperatively

Measured as index

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hvidovre University Hospital

🇩🇰

Copenhagen, Denmark

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