Comparative Effects of Virtual Reality and Vestibular Exercises on Balance Gait in Older Adults

Not Applicable

Recruiting

Interventions: Other: virtual reality training group
Other: vestibular exercise group

Brief Summary: To compare the effects of virtual reality and vestibular exercises on balance, gait, and activities of daily living in older adults.

Detailed Description: It will be a randomized clinical trial where non-probability convenience sampling technique will be used. Total 44 participants will be taken aged 60 to 85 years. All Participants will be randomized through lottery method and allocated into two groups. Group A (n=22) participants will receive Virtual Reality intervention with conventional treatment, while Group B (n=22) will receive Vestibular Exercises with conventional treatment. The Berg Balance Scale for balance assessment, Dynamic Gait Index for gait while Time Up and Go Test, and Modified Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living will be outcome measure tools.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Severe visual or vestibular impairments (e.g., Meniere's disease, labyrinthitis).
Significant musculoskeletal impairments (e.g., arthritis, joint contractures).
Unstable medical conditions (e.g., uncontrolled hypertension, cardiovascular disease).
History of epilepsy or seizures.

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
participants will receive Virtual Reality intervention with conventional treatment,	virtual reality training group	Participants will receive 40-minute sessions five days per week for six weeks of Virtual Reality intervention and conventional therapy.
participants will receive Vestibular Exercises with conventional treatment.	vestibular exercise group	Participants will receive 40-minute sessions five days per week for six weeks of Vestibular Exercises and conventional therapy.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)	6 months	The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) is a clinical tool assessing balance during walking under different external conditions. It uses a four-point ordinal scale, with a total score of 24. Scores below 19 indicate a higher risk of falls in older adults, while scores above 22 suggest safe ambulation. The DGI has demonstrated validity as a measure of functional mobility and strongly predicts falls
Berg Balance Scale	6 months	Berg Balance Scale: is a clinical tool assessing static and dynamic balance through 14 functional tasks, each scored from 0 to 4, with a maximum score of 56. Scores below 45 indicate a higher risk of falling. It has demonstrated excellent validity, correlating well with the Timed Up-and-Go test. It also exhibits excellent test-retest reliability, making it a widely accepted tool for measuring balance and mobility.
Modified Barthel Index	6 months	Modified Barthel Index is widely accepted measure of physical disability, assessing activities of daily living. Scoring ranges from 0 to 20, with lower scores indicating increased disability. The total score reflects the patient's independence in daily activities, with changes of more than two points indicating a probable genuine change. The index has demonstrated validity, with scores between 0.73 and 0.77 compared to a motor ability index for stroke patients.It also exhibits high inter-rater and test-retest reliability,Higher scores indicates maximum recovery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

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