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Sonographic Assessment of Postural Lung Recruitment in Pediatric Patients Under General Anesthesia

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Collapsed Lung
Interventions
Device: Lung ultrasound
Registration Number
NCT03141515
Lead Sponsor
Hospital Privado de Comunidad de Mar del Plata
Brief Summary

Anesthesia-induced atelectasis is a well-known entity observed in approximately 68-100% of pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. The collapse of dependent lung zones starts with anesthesia induction but can persist for hours or even days after surgery.

Lung collapse is a pressure-dependent phenomenon. Each acinus has a critical closing pressure, i.e., the minimum transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) below that the acinus begins to collapse. While airway pressure is homogeneously distributed within all lung units, Pleural pressure increases along the vertical gravitational vector because of the lung's weight. As a consequence, the decreased Ptp in the dependent zones promotes collapse. This means that patients in the supine position suffer from increasing closing pressures in the ventral to dorsal direction.

Alveolar recruitment maneuvers recruit collapsed alveoli, increase gas exchange, and improve arterial oxygenation.

The investigators hypothesized that in children with anesthesia-induced atelectasis, postural changes have recruiting effects and improve lung aeration assessed by lung ultrasound.

Detailed Description

Compare lung aeration between two different lung recruitment strategies (recruitment maneuvers in supine position and recruitment maneuvers with postural changes of lateral decubitus with 10 cmH2O level of positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP) during 180 seconds; in pediatric patients scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia using ultrasound imaging and a four-point-aeration score to assess the lung aeration.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
40
Inclusion Criteria
  • Written informed consent by parents.
  • Patients aged 6 months to 5 years old
  • Scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation with atelectasis assessed by lung ultrasound after anesthesia induction.
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists classification: physical status I-II
Exclusion Criteria
  • Acute airway infection
  • Cardiovascular or pulmonary disease
  • Previous thoracic procedure

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Recruitment maneuver groupLung ultrasoundPatients received lung recruitment maneuver with postural changes of lateral decubitus using pressure-control ventilation, 10 cmH2O level of PEEP in left and in right lateral decubitus during 90 seconds in each one. Lung ultrasound examination will be performed at two different times-point immediately after induction and after recruitment maneuver to monitor lung aeration.
Control groupLung ultrasoundAfter anesthesia induction patients received lung recruitment maneuver using pressure-control ventilation with a patient in supine position with 10 cmH2O level of positive end-expiratory pressure PEEP during 180 seconds. Lung ultrasound examination will be performed at two different times-point immediately after induction and after recruitment maneuver to monitor lung aeration.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Lung aerationIntraoperative

Compare lung aeration between two different lung recruitment strategies (recruitment maneuvers in supine position with 10 cmH2O level of PEEP during 180 seconds and recruitment maneuvers with postural changes of lateral decubitus: 10 cmH2O level of PEEP in left and in right lateral decubitus during 90 seconds in each one) in pediatric patients scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia using ultrasound imaging and a four-point-aeration score to assess the lung aeration (0 = normal lung, 1 = moderate aeration loss, 2 = severe aeration loss, 3 = complete aeration loss and consolidation).

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Peripheral arterial oxygenation by pulse oximetry (SPO2%)Intraoperative

The SPO2 % will be recorded before and after recruitment manoeuvre.

Respiratory mechanicsIntraoperative

Intra-operative ventilator data will be recorded to measure respiratory mechanics such as dynamic and statistic compliance.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Cecilia M. Acosta

🇦🇷

Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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