A Study to Evaluate Enzalutamide After Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Enzalutamide

Registration Number: NCT02116582

Lead Sponsor: Astellas Pharma Europe B.V.

Brief Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of enzalutamide treatment in patients with progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with abiraterone acetate.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: Male

Target Recruitment: 215

Inclusion Criteria

Subject has histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate without neuro-endocrine differentiation or small cell features.
Subject has metastatic disease documented by bone scan or by soft tissue disease observed by Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CT/MRI) at screening, or within ≤30 days prior to Day 1.
In the setting of castrate levels of testosterone ≤1.7 nmol/L (or ≤50 ng/dL), subject has progressive disease at study entry defined as PSA rise determined by a minimum of 2 rising PSA levels with an interval of ≥ 1 week between each assessment. The PSA value at the screening visit should be ≥ 2 ng/mL WITH or WITHOUT:
- Soft tissue disease progression defined by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) at screening, or within ≤30 days prior to Day 1. Measurable disease is not required for entry. Lymph nodes ≥ 2 cm are considered measurable disease (Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group (PCWG2)).
- Bone disease progression defined by at least 2 new lesions on bone scan at screening, or within ≤30 days prior to Day 1.
Subject must have received a minimum of 24 weeks of treatment with abiraterone acetate within its approved label indication and has discontinued use at least 4 weeks prior to start of study drug at Day 1.
If the subject has received previous treatment with chemotherapy for prostate cancer, this must be limited to no more than one prior line of docetaxel, and must have been used prior to abiraterone acetate therapy.
Subject receives and will continue to receive ongoing androgen deprivation with Luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue therapy throughout the course of the study or has had a bilateral orchiectomy.
Subject is asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic from prostate cancer:
- The score on Brief Pain Inventory - Short Form (BPI-SF) Question #3 must be < 4.
- No use of opiate analgesics for prostate cancer-related pain currently or anytime within 4 weeks prior to screening.

Exclusion Criteria

Subject has prior use of ketoconazole for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Subject has prior use of cabazitaxel.
Subject has prior use of enzalutamide.
Subject has received ANY anti-neoplastic therapy (including antiandrogens and chemotherapy) following abiraterone acetate discontinuation and prior to start of study drug at Day 1.
Subject has a known or suspected hypersensitivity to enzalutamide, or any components of the formulation used.
Subject has known or suspected brain metastases or active leptomeningeal disease.
Subject has history of seizure or any condition that may predispose to seizure (e.g., prior stroke or significant brain trauma).

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Enzalutamide	Enzalutamide	Participants received 160 mg of enzalutamide orally once daily until they experienced an adverse event, disease progression, started new anti-cancer therapy, withdrew consent, or other protocol-specified criteria.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Radiographic Progression-free Survival (rPFS)	From the first dose of study drug administration up to treatment discontinuation or the data cut-off date of 08 May 2016, whichever occurred first; the median duration of treatment was 5.7 months.	Radiographic PFS, was defined as the time from first dose to the first objective evidence of radiographic disease progression or death from any cause, whichever occurred first. For patients with no documented progression event, it was censored on the date of the last disease assessment performed prior to the analysis data cut-off point. Radiographic progression (RP) for soft tissue disease was defined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) V1.1 criteria. RP for bone disease was determined according to the consensus guidelines of a modification of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 2 (PCWG2) guidelines. The 50th percentile of Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimates was used as the estimate of the rPFS median. A 2-sided 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was provided for this estimate using the Brookmeyer \& Crowley (BC) method.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Overall Survival (OS)	From the first dose of study drug administration up to the data cut-off date of 08 May 2016; up to 2 years.	OS was defined as the time from first dose to death from any cause. All events of death were included. If patients discontinued study drug before the analysis data cut-off point, only OS status was assessed every 12 weeks until the data cut-off point date or until death, whichever occurred first. For patients who were alive at the time of the analysis data cut-off point, the OS time was censored on the last date the patient was known to be alive. Death from any cause was included, regardless of whether the event occurred while the patient was still taking study drug or after the patient discontinued study drug. OS median was estimated using the KM method. A 2-sided 95% CI was provided for this estimate using the BC method.
Percentage of Participants With a Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) Response	From the first dose of study drug administration up to the data cut-off date for end-of-study completion 29 Sep 2017; the median duration of treatment was 5.7 months.	PSA response was defined as at least a 50% decrease from baseline in PSA, and was a binary variable for achieving this criteria (or not) based on the lowest PSA value observed postbaseline. Participants with no postbaseline PSA value were regarded as non-responders. 95% CI for PSA response rate was computed using the Clopper-Pearson method based on the exact binomial distribution.
Time to PSA Progression	From the first dose of study drug administration up to the data cut-off date of 08 May 2016; the median duration of treatment was 5.7 months.	The time to PSA progression was calculated as the time interval from the date of first dose to the date of first observation of PSA progression. PSA progression was defined as a ≥ 25% increase and an absolute increase of ≥ 2 μg/L (i.e., 2 ng/mL or more) above the nadir or above the baseline value for patients who did not have a decline in PSA postbaseline values, and which was confirmed by a second consecutive value obtained at least 3 or more weeks later (i.e., a confirmed rising trend) (PCWG2 criteria). The 50th percentile of KM estimates was used as the estimate of the time to PSA progression median. A 2-sided 95% CI was provided for this estimate using the BC method.
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)	From the first dose of study drug administration up to data cut-off date for end-of-study completion (29 Sep 2017); the median duration of treatment was 5.7 months.	A treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was defined as an adverse event occurring or worsening between the start of study treatment date and the latest date of 30 days after the last dose date or the 30-day follow-up visit date, and not later than the data cut-off date or the date of death. AEs, including abnormal clinical laboratory values, were graded using the National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) guidelines (V4.03).

Trial Locations

Locations (50): Site DE49005
🇩🇪
Nuertingen, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
Site GB44004
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Birmingham, United Kingdom
Site BE32001
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Brussels, Flemish Brabant, Belgium
Site BE32004
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Gent, Belgium
Site BE32003
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Kortrijk, Belgium
Site BE32002
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Liege, Belgium
Site BE32007
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Hasselt, Belgium
Site GB44001
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Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
Site FR33015
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Angers cedex 02, France
Site FR33009
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Caen Cedex 05, France
Site FR33007
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Rennes, France
Site FR33005
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Suresnes, France
Site FR33010
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Creteil cedex, France
Site FR33014
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Le Mans, France
Site FR33013
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Lyon Cedex 3, France
Site FR33008
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Nantes Saint Herblain Cedex, France
Site FR33001
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Paris cedex 15, France
Site FR33003
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Marseille CEDEX 9, France
Site FR33002
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Nimes, France
Site FR33011
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Paris, France
Site FR33012
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Villejiuf, France
Site DE49017
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Duisburg, NRW, Germany
Site DE49015
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Bergisch Gladbach, Northwest, Germany
Site DE49014
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Berlin, Germany
Site DE49003
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Berlin, Germany
Site DE49010
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Dresden, Germany
Site DE49009
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Bonn, Germany
Site DE49008
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Hamburg, Germany
Site DE49016
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Duesseldorf, Germany
Site DE49004
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Goettingen, Germany
Site DE49001
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Hamburg, Germany
Site DE49007
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Hannover, Germany
Site DE49002
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Heidelberg, Germany
Site ES34009
🇪🇸
Badalona, Spain
Site DE49012
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Munster, Germany
Site ES34004
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Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, Spain
Site DE49006
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Tubingen, Germany
Site ES34011
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Barcelona, Spain
Site ES34006
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Barcelona, Spain
Site ES34008
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Barcelona, Spain
Site ES34003
🇪🇸
Madrid, Spain
Site ES34002
🇪🇸
Madrid, Spain
Site GB44007
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London, United Kingdom
Site GB44009
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Brighton, United Kingdom
Site GB44002
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Glasgow, United Kingdom
Site GB44006
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Withington, United Kingdom
Site GB44010
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Plymouth, United Kingdom
Site GB44003
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Northwood, Middlesex, United Kingdom
Site ES34001
🇪🇸
Madrid, Spain
Site ES34010
🇪🇸
Madrid, Spain