Lenalidomide With or Without Rituximab in Treating Patients With Progressive or Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma, Prolymphocytic Leukemia, or Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Previously Treated With Donor Stem Cell Transplant

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Recurrent Adult Burkitt Lymphoma
Recurrent Grade 3 Follicular Lymphoma
Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Cutaneous B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Recurrent Grade 1 Follicular Lymphoma
Small Intestine Lymphoma
Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma
Adult Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-cell Lymphoma
Recurrent Adult Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma

Interventions: Drug: lenalidomide
Biological: rituximab
Other: pharmacological study
Other: laboratory biomarker analysis

Registration Number: NCT01419795

Lead Sponsor: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

Brief Summary: This phase II trial studies how well giving lenalidomide with or without rituximab works in treating patients with progressive or relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Biological therapies, such as lenalidomide, may stimulate the immune system in different ways and stop cancer cells from growing. Monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, can block cancer growth in different ways. Some block the ability of cancer to grow and spread. Others find cancer cells and help kill them or carry cancer-killing substances to them. Giving lenalidomide together with or without rituximab may kill more cancer cells.

Detailed Description: PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To improve overall survival in patients with relapse of NHL or CLL/SLL/PLL within 180 days after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT).

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Rate of response (complete response \[CR\], partial response \[PR\], or stable disease \[SD\]) and time to progression.

II. Grade III-IV toxicity.

III. Incidences of grades II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and limited or extensive chronic GVHD.

IV. Compare efficacy and safety between the first, second and third cohorts.

V. Laboratory research studies for efficacy and toxicity: blood samples will be stored at baseline, day 7, and day 28 of cycle 1 and day 28 of cycle 3 to investigate:

1. changes in plasma cytokines and peripheral blood lymphocytes in correlation to treatment with lenalidomide;

2. pharmacokinetics of rituximab;

3. donor and host polymorphisms of the FCgamma RIIIa receptor and their impact on disease response and relapse.

OUTLINE: Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

ARM I: Patients who have relapsed/progressed within 180 days post-transplant (Cohort 1), beyond day 180 post-transplant (Cohort 2), or within 6 months but were not started within 3 months of relapse, receive lenalidomide orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28 (patients with CLL/SLL/PLL) or days 1-21 (patients with NHL). Patients in Cohorts 1 and 2 also receive rituximab intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of course 1 and then every two months for courses 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11.

ARM II: Patients who have relapsed/progressed at any time point post-transplant and who have contraindications, prior severe hypersensitivity reaction to rituximab infusion, to receive rituximab or have CD20 negative disease (Cohort 3) receive lenalidomide as in Arm I.

Treatment repeats every 28 days for 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 30 and 60 days and then every 3 months for up to 18 months.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 3

Inclusion Criteria

Understand and voluntarily sign an informed consent form
Able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements
Patients with CLL/SLL/PLL or NHL and who:
- Met the criteria of relapse or progression after allogeneic HCT according to the HCT protocol or the attending discretion and who,
- Not responding to appropriate tapering of immunosuppressive medications
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1500/mm^3 or >= 1000/mm^3 if ANC has persistently < 1500/ mm^3 for more than 2 weeks
Platelet count (transfusion independent) >= 50,000/mm^3 or >= 20,000/mm^3 if platelet count has persistently < 50,000/mm^3 for more than 2 weeks
Creatinine clearance >= 30ml/min by Cockcroft-Gault formula
Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) or =< 3 x ULN if total bilirubin has been persistently > 1.5 x ULN for more than 2 weeks
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) and alanine transaminase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) =< 3 x ULN or =< 5 x ULN if AST or ALT have been persistently > 3 x ULN for more than 2 weeks
Females of childbearing potential (FCBP) must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test with a sensitivity of at least 50 mIU/mL within 10 - 14 days and again within 24 hours prior to prescribing lenalidomide for Cycle 1 (prescriptions must be filled within 7 days) and must either commit to continued abstinence from heterosexual intercourse or begin TWO acceptable methods of birth control, one highly effective method and one additional effective method AT THE SAME TIME, at least 28 days before she starts taking lenalidomide; FCBP must also agree to ongoing pregnancy testing; men must agree to use a latex condom during sexual contact with a FCBP even if they have had a successful vasectomy
All study participants must be registered into the mandatory RevAssist program, and be willing and able to comply with the requirements of RevAssist
Study participants with risk factors for venous thrombo-embolism (VTE), such as previous VTE, cardiac disease, chronic renal insufficiency, and/or poorly controlled diabetes, should be able to comply with some degree of prophylactic anticoagulation using aspirin 81 or 325 mg daily, coumadin, or low molecular weight heparin

Exclusion Criteria

Any serious medical condition, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness that would prevent the patient from signing the informed consent form
Pregnant or breast feeding females; (lactating females must agree not to breast feed while taking lenalidomide)
Any condition, including the presence of laboratory abnormalities, which places the subject at unacceptable risk if he/she were to participate in the study or confounds the ability to interpret data from the study
Known hypersensitivity to thalidomide
The development of erythema nodosum if characterized by a desquamating rash while taking thalidomide or similar drugs
Resistance to prior use of lenalidomide, defined as progression on full dose lenalidomide within the first two cycles of therapy
Concurrent use of other anti-cancer agents or treatments
Known seropositive for or active viral infection with human immunodeficiency virus
Karnofsky performance status < 50%
Active grades III or IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Arm I (lenalidomide, rituximab)	pharmacological study	Patients who have relapsed/progressed within 180 days post-transplant (Cohort 1), beyond day 180 post-transplant (Cohort 2), or within 6 months but were not started within 3 months of relapse, receive lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-28 (patients with CLL/SLL/PLL) or days 1-21 (patients with NHL). Patients in Cohorts 1 and 2 also receive rituximab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of course 1 and then every two months for courses 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11.
Arm I (lenalidomide, rituximab)	rituximab	Patients who have relapsed/progressed within 180 days post-transplant (Cohort 1), beyond day 180 post-transplant (Cohort 2), or within 6 months but were not started within 3 months of relapse, receive lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-28 (patients with CLL/SLL/PLL) or days 1-21 (patients with NHL). Patients in Cohorts 1 and 2 also receive rituximab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of course 1 and then every two months for courses 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11.
Arm I (lenalidomide, rituximab)	laboratory biomarker analysis	Patients who have relapsed/progressed within 180 days post-transplant (Cohort 1), beyond day 180 post-transplant (Cohort 2), or within 6 months but were not started within 3 months of relapse, receive lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-28 (patients with CLL/SLL/PLL) or days 1-21 (patients with NHL). Patients in Cohorts 1 and 2 also receive rituximab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of course 1 and then every two months for courses 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11.
Arm II (lenalidomide)	pharmacological study	Patients who have relapsed/progressed at any time point post-transplant and who have contraindications, prior severe hypersensitivity reaction to rituximab infusion, to receive rituximab or have CD20 negative disease (Cohort 3) receive lenalidomide as in Arm I.
Arm II (lenalidomide)	laboratory biomarker analysis	Patients who have relapsed/progressed at any time point post-transplant and who have contraindications, prior severe hypersensitivity reaction to rituximab infusion, to receive rituximab or have CD20 negative disease (Cohort 3) receive lenalidomide as in Arm I.
Arm I (lenalidomide, rituximab)	lenalidomide	Patients who have relapsed/progressed within 180 days post-transplant (Cohort 1), beyond day 180 post-transplant (Cohort 2), or within 6 months but were not started within 3 months of relapse, receive lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-28 (patients with CLL/SLL/PLL) or days 1-21 (patients with NHL). Patients in Cohorts 1 and 2 also receive rituximab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of course 1 and then every two months for courses 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11.
Arm II (lenalidomide)	lenalidomide	Patients who have relapsed/progressed at any time point post-transplant and who have contraindications, prior severe hypersensitivity reaction to rituximab infusion, to receive rituximab or have CD20 negative disease (Cohort 3) receive lenalidomide as in Arm I.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Improvement in Overall Survival of Patients Receiving Lenalidomide With or Without Rituximab in Comparison to Historical Controls Managed by Single or Multiple Chemotherapeutic Agents or Donor Lymphocyte Infusion (DLI) (Cohort 1)	12 months	Estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method in all cohorts.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Grade III-IV Toxicity in Patients Receiving Lenalidomide With or Without Rituximab	Assessed up to 30 days after completion of study treatment
Incidences of Grades II-IV Acute GVHD and Limited or Extensive Chronic GVHD	Assessed up to 30 days after completion of study treatment
Comparison of Rates of Overall Response and Complete Remission Between the First, Second, and Third Cohorts	Assessed up to 18 months
Changes in Plasma Cytokines and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Correlation to Treatment With Lenalidomide	From baseline to day 28 of course 3
Pharmacokinetics of Rituximab: Evaluation of Serum Concentrations and Correlations to Drug Dose and Clinical Responses	Baseline, day 7 and 28 of course 1, and day 28 of course 3
Donor and Host Polymorphisms of the FCgamma RIIIa Receptor and Their Impact on Disease Response and Relapse	Baseline, day 7 and 28 of course 1, and day 28 of course 3
Rate of Response (CR, PR, or SD) and Time to Progression	Assessed up to 18 months	Estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method in all cohorts. Assessed at day 100.
Comparison of Incidences of Adverse Events Between the First, Second, and Third Cohorts	Assessed up to 30 days after completion of study treatment