Tailored Versus Traditional Resistance Exercise
- Conditions
- Exercise Training
- Interventions
- Other: 12-week progressive power-oriented resistance exercise program
- Registration Number
- NCT06449716
- Lead Sponsor
- Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU Leuven
- Brief Summary
Preserving functional ability is crucial for healthy aging. Unfortunately, age-related decreases in muscle power often lead to declines in functional ability. As power is the product of force and velocity, decreases in power can originate from changes in muscle force, contraction velocity, or both, varying between individuals. The primary method to prevent functional disability is power-based resistance training. Although training interventions are effective for most older adults, they do not induce substantial improvements in a subset of the population. These inconsistent outcomes may arise from neglecting the observed differences in the force-velocity (F-v) profiles between individuals. Therefore, this study provides a novel approach to resistance exercise, in which exercise dose is tailored according to the individual's F-v profile. The effectiveness of the tailored method will be assessed in a randomized control trial, comparing the effects of an individualized and a non-individualized 12-week training intervention on muscle power parameters and functional ability.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 72
- Community-dwelling adults
- 65-80 years old
- Systematic engagement in resistance exercise during the past year
- Unstable cardiovascular disease, neuromuscular disease, acute infection or fever
- Recent surgery
- Lower-extremity injuries
- Low levels of functional ability (i.e., SPPB score ≤ 9)
- Cognitive malfunctioning (i.e., Mini-Mental State Examination < 24)
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Non-individualized resistance exercise program 12-week progressive power-oriented resistance exercise program Non-individualized exercise dose. All individuals perform a combination of low-load and high-load resistance exercises, regardless of their deficit. Individualized resistance exercise program 12-week progressive power-oriented resistance exercise program Individualized exercise dose. Individuals with a velocity deficit only perform low-load exercises. Individuals with a force deficit only perform high-load exercises.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Force at maximal power Change from baseline in force at maximal power at 12 weeks Unilateral (dominant leg) force at maximal power production (N) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA).
The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in force at maximal power.Velocity at maximal power Change from baseline in velocity at maximal power at 12 weeks Unilateral (dominant leg) velocity at maximal power production (m/s) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA).
The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in velocity at maximal power.Maximal force (F0) Change from baseline in maximal force at 12 weeks Unilateral (dominant leg) maximal force production (N) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA).
The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in maximal force.Maximal velocity (V0) Change from baseline in maximal velocity at 12 weeks Unilateral (dominant leg) maximal velocity production (m/s) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA).
The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in maximal velocity.Force-velocity slope Change from baseline in F-v slope at 12 weeks Unilateral (dominant leg) force-velocity (F-v) slope on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA). F-v slope = force (N) as a function of velocity (m/s).
The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in slope.Maximal power (P0) Change from baseline in maximal power at 12 weeks Unilateral (dominant leg) maximal power production (Watt) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA).
The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in maximal power.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Countermovement jump height Change from baseline in countermovement jump height at 12 weeks The jump height (cm) in a countermovement jump
Timed up and go Change from baseline in timed up and go time at 12 weeks The time (s) needed to stand up from a chair, walk 3 m, turn, walk back and sit down again (as fast as possible)
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score Change from baseline in SPPB test score at 12 weeks Total score on the SPPB (min 0, max 12, higher scores indicate better performance)
Stair ascent power Change from baseline in stair climbing performance at 12 weeks The power (Watt) needed to ascend a flight of stairs
Gait speed Change from baseline in gait speed at 12 weeks The average speed (m/s) to walk 10m as fast as possible
5-repetition sit-to-stand power Change from baseline in sit-to-stand performance at 12 weeks The power (watt) needed to perform 5 sit-to-stand transitions
Stair ascent time Change from baseline in stair climbing performance at 12 weeks The time (s) needed to ascend a flight of stairs
Exercise adherence Total adherence over 12-week period Number of sessions attended as a percentage of total sessions planned
5-repetition sit-to-stand time Change from baseline in sit-to-stand performance at 12 weeks The time (s) needed to perform 5 sit-to-stand transitions
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
KU Leuven - Department of Movement Sciences
🇧🇪Leuven, Vlaams-Brabant, Belgium