Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in New Multiple Myeloma Patients
- Conditions
- Multiple Myeloma
- Interventions
- Registration Number
- NCT01402284
- Lead Sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Brief Summary
Background:
- Carfilzomib is an experimental anti-cancer drug that has not yet been approved for treating multiple myeloma. Lenalidomide is a drug that may stop tumor growth and help the immune system kill cancer cells. Dexamethasone is a drug that helps stop inflammation. It is sometimes used to treat (alone or with other drugs) certain types of cancer, especially multiple myeloma. This combination of drugs has not been tested in people with multiple myeloma. Researchers want to see whether it is safe and effective for this group.
Objectives:
- To test the effectiveness of combined carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in treating multiple myeloma.
Eligibility:
- People at least 18 years of age who have multiple myeloma that has not been treated.
Design:
* Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. They will also have blood and urine tests, a bone marrow sample, and molecular imaging studies.
* Participants will have eight 28-day cycles of treatment. The combined study drugs will be given as tablets and injections. Those in the study will be monitored with frequent blood tests, bone marrow samples, and molecular imaging studies. In addition to current standard measures to determine clinical responses, molecular tests will be conducted to define evidence of minimal residual disease.
* After the first four cycles of therapy, those who are eligible for a stem cell transplant will have stem cells collected and stored for use if the cancer returns.
* After stem cell collection, participants will have the second four treatment cycles.
-, If the disease has improved or is stable at the end of eight cycles, those in the study may have another 12 cycles of low-dose (maintenance) lenalidomide alone.
* Participants will have regular follow-up visits after the end of the study chemotherapy.
- Detailed Description
Background:
* Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell neoplasm with a median survival of 3-4 years.
* Novel agent combinations with proteasome inhibitors demonstrate improved response rates while increasing survival in MM patients.
* A common debilitating side effect of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is neuropathy.
* Carfilzomib is a new proteasome inhibitor with potent anti-MM effects and decreased peripheral neuropathy
Objectives:
-Evaluate toxicity, including peripheral neuropathy, of carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (CRd) in untreated MM patients
Eligibility:
* Newly diagnosed patients with histologically confirmed multiple myeloma
* Age greater than or equal to 18 years
* Creatinine Clearance (CrCl) greater than or equal to 60 ml/min. CrCl will be calculated using the Cockcroft- Gault method. If the calculated CrCl based on Cockcroft-Gault method is \<60 mL/min, patient will have a 24 hr urine collection to measure CrCl. The measured CrCl must also be greater than or equal to 60 ml/min.
* Without serious co-morbidity that would interfere with receipt of CRd
* Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) greater than or equal to 1.0 K/uL, hemoglobin greater than or equal to 8 g/dL, and platelet count greater than or equal to 75 K/uL
* Adequate hepatic function, with bilirubin less than 1.5 x the upper limit of normal (ULN), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) less than 3.0 x ULN
Design:
* Single arm, single stage phase II trial of combination therapy (carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) for untreated multiple myeloma patients with an early stopping rule for toxicity
* Patients will receive 8 cycles of induction combination therapy of CRd
* Each cycle consists of 28-days
* After 4 cycles of therapy, transplant eligible patients will undergo stem cell collection
* Patients achieving stable disease or better after 8 cycles of CRd will receive lenalidomide extended dosing (phase I) for 12 cycles. After 12 cycles, patients will have the option to continue extended dosing (phase II) for one additional year.
* Patients will have routine blood work with serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and free light chains monthly
* Pre- and post-treatment bone marrow biopsies will be obtained for confirmation of diagnosis and correlative studies
* Patients will also undergo evaluation for minimal residual disease at regular interval time points, using multi-parametric flow cytometry and fludeoxyglucose 18F-positron emission tomography - computed tomography (FDG PET-CT)
* A single stage phase II design will be employed, with an early stopping rule. Unless 4 or more patients in the first 20 have Grade 3 or higher neurologic toxicity in the first 2 completed cycles, a total of 45 evaluable patients will be enrolled in this study.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 45
Not provided
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- SINGLE_GROUP
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, Dexamethasone Dexamethasone Patients will receive 8 cycles of induction combination therapy of carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (CRd). Patients achieving stable disease or better after 8 cycles of CRd will receive lenalidomide extended dosing (phase I) for 12 cycles. After 12 cycles, patients will have the option to continue extended dosing (phase II) for one additional year Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, Dexamethasone Carfilzomib Patients will receive 8 cycles of induction combination therapy of carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (CRd). Patients achieving stable disease or better after 8 cycles of CRd will receive lenalidomide extended dosing (phase I) for 12 cycles. After 12 cycles, patients will have the option to continue extended dosing (phase II) for one additional year Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, Dexamethasone Lenalidomide Patients will receive 8 cycles of induction combination therapy of carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (CRd). Patients achieving stable disease or better after 8 cycles of CRd will receive lenalidomide extended dosing (phase I) for 12 cycles. After 12 cycles, patients will have the option to continue extended dosing (phase II) for one additional year
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Number of Participants With Serious and Non-serious Adverse Events 4 years and 9 months and 2 days Here is the number of participants with serious and non-serious adverse events assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria in Adverse Events (CTCAE v4.0). A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Overall Response Rate 48.3 months Response is assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group Criteria. Patients who attained a partial response or better (BoR) response by the end of induction. Partial response is ≥50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24h urinary M-protein.
Cluster of Differentiation 138 (CD138) + Plasma Cells Gene Expression Profiling on Pre and Post Carfilzomib Exposure Bone Marrow Samples Cycle 1 Day 1, an average of 28 days ± 2 days Cluster of differentiation 138+ (CD138)+ plasma cells purified from bone marrow aspirates to identify potential markers of early progression. Changes in selected genes were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) if suggested to be related to risk of progression to multiple myeloma.
Progression Free Survival (PFS) at 48 Months 48 months PFS is defined as time of start of treatment to time of progression or death, whichever occurs first. Response is assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group Criteria. Progressive disease requires any one or more of the following: increase of ≥25% from lowest response value in the following on 2 consecutive measurements: serum M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be ≥0.5g/dl). Urine M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be ≥200mg/24h. Only in patients without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels: the difference between involved and uninvolved free light chain (FLC) levels. The absolute increase must be \>10mg/dl. Bone marrow plasma cell percentage: the absolute % must be ≥10%. Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas or definite increase in size of existing bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas. Development of hypercalcemia that can be attributed solely to the plasma cell proliferative disorder.
Overall Survival (OS) Rate up to 6 months OS is defined as the time of start of treatment to death from any cause.
Percentage of Responders With Duration of Response (DOR) at 48 Months 48 months Response is assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group Criteria. DOR is measured from the time measurement criteria are met for a partial response or better until first date that recurrent or progressive disease is objectively documented. Partial response is ≥50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24-h urinary M-protein by ≥90% or to \<200mg per 24h. Progressive disease requires any one or more of the following: increase of ≥25% from lowest response value in the following on 2 consecutive measurements: serum M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be ≥0.5g/dl). Urine M-component and/or (the absolute increase must be ≥200mg/24h. Only in patients without measurable serum and urine M-protein levels: the difference between involved and uninvolved free light chain (FLC) levels. The absolute increase must be \>10mg/dl. Bone marrow plasma cell percentage: the absolute % must be ≥10%.
Rate of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) by Flow Cytometry Day 100 Response is assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group Criteria. Complete response is negative immunofixation on the serum and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and ≤ 5% plasma cells in bone marrow. MRD is defined by M-spike, plasma cell burden, and abnormal free light chains. Immunophenotyping is performed by multi-parametric flow cytometry.
Complete Response (CR) and Minimal Residual Disease Neg (MRDneg) CR Rates at Treatment Intervals With Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide & Dexamethasone (CRd) in New Multiple Myeloma Patients After 8 Cycles of Induction, 1 Year Maintenance, and 2 Years Maintenance up to 2 years Response is assessed by the International Myeloma Working Group Criteria. MRD is defined by M-spike, plasma cell burden, and abnormal free light chains (FLC). Complete response is negative immunofixation on serum, and urine and disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas and ≤ 5% plasma cells in bone marrow. Stringent complete response (sCR) is normal FLC ratio and absence of clonal cells in bone marrow by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. Near complete response (nCR) is the absence of myeloma protein on electrophoresis, independent of immunofixation status. Very good partial response (VGPR) is serum and urine M-protein detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis or 90% or greater reduction in serum M-protein plus urine M-protein level \<100mg per 24h. Overall response rate (ORR) is patients who attained a partial response (PR) (≥50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24h urinary M-protein) or better (BoR) response.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike
🇺🇸Bethesda, Maryland, United States