A Prospective Evaluation of Iodinated Contrast Flow Patterns in Caudal Epidurography With Intentional Lateral Caudal Approach
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Yonsei University
- Enrollment
- 22
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- A prospective evaluation of iodinated contrast flow patterns in caudal epidurography with intentional lateral caudal approach
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Caudal epidural block is useful not only for regional anesthesia of low abdominal, perineal area or lower extremities but for relieving acute or chronic pain of low back and lower extremities. Recently, there were some reports that there was a difference of the contrast flow pattern during lumbar epidural block according to a location of needle tip in the lumbar epidural space. Therefore, the investigators hypothesize that there is a difference of contrast flow pattern in caudal epidurography when a needle is inserted with intentionally lateral direction.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Observational
- Time Perspective
- Prospective
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 20 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •patients with unilateral radiculopathy
Exclusion Criteria
- •patients with sepsis
- •chronic infection
- •coagulopathy
- •local infection near the sacral hiatus
- •the allergy of the contrast
- •history of spine surgery, scoliosis and kyphosis
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
A prospective evaluation of iodinated contrast flow patterns in caudal epidurography with intentional lateral caudal approach
Time Frame: during 10 seconds after obtaining the caudal epidurogram
Caudal epidural block is useful not only for regional anesthesia of low abdominal, perineal area or lower extremities but for relieving acute or chronic pain of low back and lower extremities. Recently, there were some reports that there was a difference of the contrast flow pattern during lumbar epidural block according to a location of needle tip in the lumbar epidural space. Therefore, the investigator hypothesizes that there is a difference of contrast flow pattern in caudal epidurography when a needle is inserted with intentionally lateral direction.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported